不同类型外掺料对植被混凝土抗冻性能的影响  

Effect of Different Types of External Additives on the Frost Resistance of Vegetation Concrete

作　　者：郑蔚[1,2] 刘大翔 张琳瑶 杨悦舒[1,2] 丁瑜 夏栋 肖海 许文年 ZHENG Wei;LIU Daxiang;ZHANG Linyao;YANG Yueshu;DING Yu;XIA Dong;XIAO Hai;XU Wennian(Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area,Ministry of Education,Yichang 443002,China;Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Slope Habitat Construction Techmique Using Cement-based Materials,Yichang 443002,China;Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Land Surface Processes,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610299,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡库区地质灾害教育部重点实验室,湖北宜昌443002 [2]水泥基生态修复技术湖北省工程研究中心,湖北宜昌443002 [3]中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室,四川成都610299

出　　处：《金属矿山》2025年第1期300-308,共9页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2017YFC0504902-02);国家自然科学基金项目(编号:42207390,51708333);湖北省教育厅科研项目(编号:D20221203);防灾减灾湖北省重点实验室开放研究基金项目(编号:2023KJZ11);CRSRI开放研究计划项目(编号:CKWV2019753/KY)。

摘　　要：植被混凝土生态修复技术在非冻土区、短时冻土区向季节性冻土区推广过程中发现,土体的物理、力学性能在冻融作用下均有所劣化。在冻融条件下,比较了不同类型外掺料(玄武岩纤维和棕纤维、硅粉和粉煤灰、木质活性炭和矿质活性炭)对植被混凝土的物理、力学性能的影响,综合选择了提升抗冻性能效果最佳的外掺料类型。研究结果表明:30次冻融循环后,添加纤维的植被混凝土试件表面完整性最好,仅在棱角区域出现轻微剥落;添加矿物外掺料的植被混凝土试件随着矿物外掺料含量的增加,表面完整性变差;添加活性炭的植被混凝土试件在冻融循环后虽未出现较大程度的质量损失,但表面均有白色物质析出和局部沙化现象,且随着掺量增加,表面微裂纹增多。纤维类对植被混凝土试件在冻融条件下的改良作用最佳,有效提升了植被混凝土试件的无侧限抗压能力和致密程度,增强了其塑性特征;添加硅粉与粉煤灰等矿物外掺料不利于植被混凝土试件无侧限抗压强度的提升,矿物外掺料的添加使得植被混凝土试件的内部结构更加疏松,矿物外掺料掺量的增加对植被混凝土试件的影响更大,在冻融作用下更易受到破坏;活性炭的添加不利于植被混凝土试件的密实度以及强度的提升,且木质活性炭比矿质活性炭对植被混凝土试件的影响更加明显。During the promotion of vegetation concrete ecological restoration technology from non-permafrost areas and short-term permafrost areas to seasonal permafrost areas,it was found that the physical and mechanical properties of the soil deteriorated under freeze-thaw cycles.Under freeze-thaw conditions,the effects of different types of additives(basalt fiber and coir fiber,silica fume and fly ash,lignocellulose-based activated carbon and mineral-based activated carbon)on the physical and mechanical properties of vegetation concrete were compared to comprehensively select the additive type that most effectively enhances frost resistance.The results showed that after 30 freeze-thaw cycles,vegetation concrete specimens with added fibers had the best surface integrity,with only slight spalling at the edges.The surface integrity of vegetation concrete specimens with mineral additives decreased with increasing mineral additive content.Although vegetation concrete specimens with activated carbon did not show significant mass loss after freeze-thaw cycles,white substances precipitated on the surface and localized sandification occurred,and microcracks on the surface increased with higher additive content.Fibers provided the most effective improvement for vegetation concrete specimens under freeze-thaw conditions,notably enhancing unconfined compressive strength,density,and plasticity.However,the addition of mineral additives such as silica fume and fly ash hindered the enhancement of unconfined compressive strength and made the internal structure of the specimens more porous.This adverse effect grew with increased mineral additive content,rendering the specimens more vulnerable to freeze-thaw damage.Moreover,activated carbon additives negatively affected compaction and strength,with lignocellulose-based activated carbon exhibiting a stronger adverse influence compared to mineral-based activated carbon.

关 键 词：植被混凝土 冻融作用 外掺料 抗冻性能 超声波速 无侧限抗压强度 

分 类 号：TU528[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]