基于原子范数的阵元故障MIMO雷达差分共阵角度估计方法  

A Difference Co-array Angle Estimation Method Based onAtomic Norm in MIMO Radar under Antenna Failure

作　　者：陈金立[1] 张金璨 姚昌华 涂刚毅 李家强[1] CHEN Jinli;ZHANG Jincan;YAO Changhua;TU Gangyi;LI Jiaqiang(School of Electronic and Information Engineering,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 21044,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学电子与信息工程学院,南京210044

出　　处：《电讯技术》2025年第2期293-301,共9页Telecommunication Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(62071238);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20191399)。

摘　　要：双基地多输入多输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, MIMO)雷达阵元故障会导致三阶观测张量中出现缺失切片数据,严重影响目标角度估计性能。为此,提出一种基于原子范数的阵元故障MIMO雷达差分共阵角度估计方法。首先,对MIMO雷达三阶观测张量进行PARAFAC分解得到收发阵列的不完整因子矩阵;然后,利用收发阵列的因子矩阵分别获得发射和接收差分共阵的导向矩阵,并利用差分共阵的冗余度对故障阵元缺失数据进行填充,从而得到等效虚拟收发阵列的虚拟因子矩阵;最后,为了填补等效虚拟阵列中的空洞,分别对等效虚拟收发阵列的虚拟因子矩阵建立原子范数约束下的低秩矩阵重构模型,并将其表述为半正定规划(Semi-definite Programming, SDP)问题,利用交替方向乘子法(Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers, ADMM)求解该矩阵重构模型。仿真结果表明,所提方法可以有效重构出不完整因子矩阵中的缺失数据,从而改善MIMO雷达阵元故障下的角度估计性能。Antenna failure in bistatic multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)radar will result in the entirely missing of some slices in the third-order measurement tensor,which seriously affects the target angle estimation performance.To solve the problem,a difference co-array angle estimation method based on atomic norm minimization is proposed for MIMO radar under antenna failure.Firstly,the third-order measurement tensor is decomposed by PARAFAC algorithm to obtain the incomplete factor matrices of the transmit array and the receive array.Thereafter,the steering matrix of the transmit and receive difference co-arrays can be formulated respectively by using the factor matrices.The redundancy of difference co-array can be employed to occupy the damaged antennas’positions and obtain the virtual factor matrices of the equivalent virtual transmit array and the receive array.Finally,a low-rank matrix reconstruction model based on atomic norm minimization is established for completing the virtual factor matrices of the transmit array and the receive array,which is expressed as a semi-definite programming(SDP)problem and is solved by alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMM).Simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively reconstruct the missing data of the incomplete factor matrix,and improve the angle estimation of MIMO radar under antenna failure.

关 键 词：双基地MIMO雷达 阵元故障 差分共阵 原子范数 角度估计 

分 类 号：TN911.23[电子电信—通信与信息系统]