网络基础设施建设与居民收入差距——来自“宽带中国”战略的经验证据  

Network Infrastructure Construction and Income Inequality among Residents: Empirical Evidence from the “Broadband China” Strategy

作　　者：唐礼智[1] 陈铭聪 马青山 Tang Lizhi;Chen Mingcong;Ma Qingshan(School of Economics,Xiamen University)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学经济学院,361005

出　　处：《经济评论》2025年第1期117-132,共16页Economic Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“连续处理效应的异质性分析及其在政策评估中应用研究”(21BTJ037)的资助。

摘　　要：以网络基础设施为代表的“新基建”近年来快速发展,其在促进经济包容性增长方面发挥着重要作用。本文基于中国劳动力动态调查数据,在构建个体层面的收入相对剥夺测量指标的基础上,将创建“宽带中国”示范城市视为一次准自然实验,采用交叠双重差分法评估了网络基础设施建设对居民收入差距的影响。实证发现,“宽带中国”示范城市显著缓解了个体在其所在群体中受到的收入相对剥夺。机制分析发现,示范城市可通过提高互联网可及性、带动个体职业调整以及促进社会资本积累,以缓解收入相对剥夺。异质性分析表明,示范城市建设对农村地区、教育水平较低以及低年龄段群体的缓解作用更强。本文为网络基础设施建设改善居民福利水平提供了一定的微观证据,也为缓解地区收入不平等提供了启示。The “new infrastructure” represented by network infrastructure has been developing rapidly in recent years. Based on the four-period panel data of the China Labor-force Dynamics Survey(CLDS), this paper evaluates the impact of network infrastructure construction on residents' income inequality by adopting the Staggered DID method, based on the construction of individual-level income relative deprivation indicators, and considering the creation of the “Broadband China” demonstration city as a quasi-natural experiment. It is found that the construction of “Broadband China” demonstration cities significantly reduces the relative income deprivation of individuals in their own groups. Mechanism analysis reveals that the model cities can alleviate relative income deprivation by driving the adjustment of individual occupations and social capital accumulation. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the model city construction has a stronger mitigating effect on rural areas, lower education levels, and lower age groups. This paper provides micro-level evidence for the improvement of residents' welfare through network infrastructure, as well as implications for mitigating regional income inequality.

关 键 词：“宽带中国”战略 示范城市创建 收入差距 相对剥夺 

分 类 号：F061.3[经济管理—政治经济学] F623