特殊环境下人体健康状况影响因素分析  

Analysis of factors influencing human health in special environments

作　　者：王子源 梁栋 丁怡 范凌双 陈奕涵 陈君豪 李丹 张春红[2] Wang Ziyuan;Liang Dong;Ding Yi;Fan Lingshuang;Chen Yihan;Chen Junhao;Li Dan;Zhang Chunhong(College of Basic Medical Sciences,Naval Medical University,Shanghai 200433,China;Naval Medical Center,Naval Medical University,Shanghai 200052,China;Translational Medicine Research Center,Naval Medical University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]海军军医大学海军特色医学中心,上海200052 [2]中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所,农业农村部农产品加工质量安全风险评估实验室,农业农村部农产品质量安全收贮运管控重点实验室,北京100193 [3]海军军医大学基础医学院,上海200433 [4]海军军医大学转化医学研究中心,上海200433

出　　处：《中华航海医学与高气压医学杂志》2025年第1期59-64,共6页Chinese Journal of Nautical Medicine and Hyperbaric Medicine

基　　金：农业农村部农产品加工与贮藏重点实验室、农业农村部农产品质量安全收贮运管控重点实验室开放课题(S2023KFKT-12);海军军医大学深蓝人才项目(21TPSL0601);海军特色医学中心卓优人才项目(21TPON0601)。

摘　　要：目的了解密闭空间环境对人体生活、饮食行为及健康状况的影响,为保障相关作业人员健康及后期靶向精准营养干预提供理论参考。方法采用目的抽样法选择12名18~30岁健康男性进行横断面研究。试验在密闭空间环境模拟室中进行,生活、饮食行为及健康状况等资料通过问卷调查、体液生化检测、体检记录等方式获取。结果(1)试验前后,研究对象益生菌产品、蛋、鲜奶和奶粉等高蛋白食物的摄入频率增加,每周活动及锻炼频率提高;但睡眠时间减少、失眠比例增加,睡眠质量明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。(2)试验前后,研究对象总体健康行为水平处于良好状态,但试验后总体水平呈下降趋势,其中精神成长和营养维度评分明显下降,体育运动和健康职责维度评分明显上升,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。(3)试验前后,研究对象尿糖、尿酮体、尿蛋白均为阴性,尿比重及酸碱度均在正常范围,尿红细胞和白细胞数量差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。(4)Spearman相关分析结果显示,鲜奶和奶粉的摄入频率与失眠呈负相关(P<0.05),而坚果摄入频率与失眠呈正相关(P<0.05);体力活动及锻炼和精神成长、体育运动、健康职责3个维度与失眠、尿液白细胞、红细胞数量均呈不同程度的相关性(均P<0.05)。结论密闭空间环境对人体生活饮食行为及健康状况有直接影响,同时生活、饮食行为又与人体健康存在一定关联,这些潜在因素可为改善密闭空间环境作业人群的健康状况提供新的策略参考。Objective To study the influence of confined environments(CEs)on lifestyle,dietary behaviors,and health status,providing theoretical references for promoting the health of relevant personnel as well as targeted and precise nutritional interventions.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted by purposively selecting 12 healthy males aged 18 to 30,whose data on lifestyle,dietary behaviors,and health status were collected through questionnaires,biochemical analysis of body fluids,and medical examination records.Results (1)Comparing the data before and after the experiment,there was a statistically significant increase in the frequency of consumption of high-protein foods such as probiotic products,eggs,fresh milk,and milk powder among the study subjects.Additionally,the frequency of weekly activities and exercise increased.However,there was a reduction in sleep duration,an increase in the proportion of insomnia,and a marked decrease in sleep quality.All differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).(2)Comparing the data before and after the experiment,the overall health behavior level of the study subjects was in a good state,but there was a downward trend in the overall level after the experiment.Specifically,there was a decrease in the scores for the dimensions of spiritual growth and nutrition,while a significant increase in the scores for the dimensions of physical activity and health responsibility.All differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).(3)Comparing the data before and after the experiment,the study subjects tested negative for urinary glucose,urinary ketones,and urinary protein.Both urine specific gravity and pH value were within normal ranges.However,there was a statistically significant difference in the counts of red blood cells and white blood cells in the urine(all P<0.05).(4)The results of the Spearman correlation analysis indicated a significant negative correlation between the frequency of fresh milk and milk powder intake and insomnia(P<0.05),whereas the frequency of nut in

关 键 词：密闭空间 饮食 生活 健康状况 睡眠 

分 类 号：R339.5[医药卫生—人体生理学]