风险基于装载量的多中转点医疗废物回收路径优化研究  

Routing Optimization for Medical Waste Collection with Load Dependent Risk and Multiple Transit Points

作　　者：张萌[1] 崔巍 王能民[2,3] 苏兵 ZHANG Meng;CUI Wei;WANG Nengmin;SU Bing(School of Economics and Management,Xi’an Technological University,Xi’an 710021,China;School of Management,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;ERC for Process Mining of Manufacturing Services in Shaanxi Province,Xi’an 710049,China;Research Center for Science and Technology Innovation in Military and Civilian Integration of Shaanxi’s Colleges and Universities,Xi’an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工业大学经济管理学院,陕西西安710021 [2]西安交通大学管理学院,陕西西安710049 [3]陕西省制造服务业过程挖掘工程研究中心,陕西西安710049 [4]陕西省兵工科技创新发展软科学研究基地,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《运筹与管理》2024年第10期15-20,共6页Operations Research and Management Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(72192830,72192834);国家自然科学基金重点项目(71732006);教育部人文社科基金项目(21YJC630165);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2022JQ-720);陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目(21JK0192)。

摘　　要：医疗废物的安全高效回收对于保障医疗机构正常运转、防止产生二次污染以及保护居民的健康安全有重要意义。医疗机构数量多且较为分散是医疗废物回收的难点之一,由此催生了多中转点回收模式。本文综合考虑医疗废物多中转点回收模式以及风险基于装载量的实际情形,将整个医疗废物回收过程分为三个阶段进行讨论,并以最大风险最小和回收成本最小为双目标,建立医疗废物回收路径优化模型。基于问题性质和ε约束法设计求解的近似算法,该算法分三个阶段决策回收车辆的路径且包含多种禁行条件,并分析了算法的时间复杂性和近似比。最后通过算例对模型和算法进行测试,验证近似算法的求解效率,并通过对影响风险的关键参数进行敏感性分析,发现使用装载量更大的车辆时回收成本和最大风险均呈现出下降趋势。The safe and efficient collection of medical waste is of great significance for ensuring the smooth operation of medical institutions,preventing the secondary pollution of medical waste,and protecting the health and safety of residents.Medical waste collection requires qualified enterprises to arrange vehicles to collect medical wastes at various medical institutions and transport medical wastes to the special treatment center.Whether the arrangement of the routes of collection vehicles is reasonable or not has an important impact on the medical waste collection.If the arrangement of the routes is not appropriate,it is apt to increase the risk of collection and result in an adverse impact.The large number and great dispersion of medical institutions are the difficulties in the medical waste collection.The amount of medical waste generated by a single medical institution,especially a small one,is relatively small.If the collection and transportation of medical wastes are only carried out between medical institutions and the treatment center,the total cost of collection will be too high and bring great pressure on the transportation capacity of medical waste collection enterprises.In order to alleviate this problem,many cities have begun to build medical waste transit points.During the medical waste collection,the medical wastes collected from medical institutions are sent to the transit points first,and then to the treatment center.Although the transit points of medical waste have improved the efficiency of medical waste collection,they are likely to result in a high-risk adverse situation owing to the potential risks related to collection vehicles.Therefore,it is very important to reasonably arrange the routes of collection vehicles in the collection mode with multiple transit points,and the routing optimization for medical waste collection considering load dependent risk and multiple transit points has also become an important research problem.This research comprehensively considers the actual situation in which

关 键 词：医疗废物回收 路径优化 风险基于装载量 多中转点 

分 类 号：C931[经济管理—管理学]