生物炭和细菌联合矿化盐渍土中有机氮的效能和机制研究  

Study on the Efficiency and Mechanism of Combined Mineralization of Organic Nitrogen in Saline Soil by Biochar and Bacteria

作　　者：寇晗 陈友媛[1,2,3] 孙萍 李浩 辛佳 Kou Han;Chen Youyuan;Sun Ping;Li Hao;Xin Jia(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Key Laboratory of Geological Safety of Coastal Urban Underground Space,Ministry of Natural Resources,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [3]中国海洋大学山东省海洋环境地质工程重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [4]自然资源部滨海城市地下空间地质安全重点实验室,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第3期83-93,共11页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42177053)资助。

摘　　要：滨海盐渍土有机氮受高盐度和低C/N比的影响难以转换利用,需要寻找一种改良剂,提高矿化有机氮的效能。本研究利用铁改性生物炭(FBC)负载枯草芽孢杆菌(BS)制备成炭基菌剂(FBCS),来研究FBC和BS对有机氮生物矿化和非生物矿化的协同作用。结果显示,FBC是一种良好的细菌固定化载体,吸附微生物的数量是原始生物炭(BC)的2.08倍;矿化实验表明,FBC、BS和FBCS的土壤有机氮净矿化量分别比CK组增加了32.07%、92.4%和145.67%,FBC和BS之间存在明显的协同作用,协同系数E=36.57%;在高盐度和低碳氮比的土壤环境中,FBCS组吸附了更多的Na^(+),提高了C/N比,增加了有机氮矿量。FBCS矿化有机氮的机制为:FBC通过固定大量枯草芽孢杆菌,刺激细菌分泌氮矿化酶,通过生物作用提高有机氮的矿化率;同时,FBCS可以缓解高盐度和低C/N比对有机氮矿化的不利影响,诱导产生·OH等自由基,通过非生物作用矿化有机物。本研究为促进盐渍土中有机氮的矿化过程提供了新思路。Organic nitrogen in coastal saline soil is difficult to convert and utilize due to high salinity and low C/N,necessitating the exploration of amendments to enhance the efficacy of mineralizing organic nitrogen.Iron-modified biochar(FBC)loaded with Bacillus subtilis(BS)was used to prepare a biochar-based microbial agents(FBCS)to investigate the synergistic effects of FBC and BS on the biomineralization and abiomineralization of organic nitrogen.The results showed that FBC was a good carrier for bacterial immobilization,and the number of adsorbed microorganisms was 2.08 times higher than that of the original biochar(BC).Mineralization experiments revealed that the net mineralization of soil organic nitrogen in the FBC,BS,and FBCS treatments increaseed by 32.07%,83.06%,and 145.67%,respectively,compared to the control group(CK).A significant synergistic interaction was observed between FBC and BS,with a synergy coefficient(E)of 36.57%.In the soil environment with high salinity and low C/N,the FBCS treatment adsorbed more Na^(+),elevated the C/N,and enhanced the mineralization of organic nitrogen.The mechanism of mineralization of organic nitrogen by FBCS was as follows:FBC immobilizing a large quantity of Bacillus subtilis,stimulating bacterial secretion of nitrogen mineralizing enzymes,thereby enhancing the rate of organic nitrogen mineralization through biotic processes.Simultaneously,FBCS mitigates the adverse effects of high salinity and low C/N on organic nitrogen mineralization,inducing the generation of free radicals such as·OH,thus promoting abiotic mineralization of organic matter.This research provides a novel approach to facilitate the mineralization process of organic nitrogen in saline soil.

关 键 词：盐渍土 生物炭 枯草芽孢杆菌 有机氮矿化 自由基 

分 类 号：X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程]