基于带送式定点抛秧的水稻抛秧立苗试验研究  

Experimental study on seedling standing of rice seedling throwing based on belt-conveying fixed-point seedling throwing operation

作　　者：黄活龙 廖仲维 余佳佳[1] 肖丽萍[1] 伍金峰 许鹏 刘木华[1] 陈雄飞[1] HUANG Huolong;LIAO Zhongwei;YU Jiajia;XIAO Liping;WU Jinfeng;XU Peng;LIU Muhua;CHEN Xiongfei(Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment/College of Engineering,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学江西省现代农业装备重点实验室/工学院,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2025年第1期205-213,共9页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目子课题(2023YFD2301304-02)。

摘　　要：【目的】针对现有抛秧机具抛秧立苗差的问题,为探明不同因素对水稻钵体苗抛秧立苗的影响。【方法】选用黄华占为供试品种,以D448P复用型钵体苗盘培育的水稻钵体苗为试验对象,以抛秧高度(0.60~1.40m)和抛秧速度(0.10~1.30m/s)为试验因素,以立苗角度、入土深度和立苗率为评价指标,基于带送式定点抛秧装置,开展抛秧立苗试验。建立立苗角度、入土深度和立苗率的回归模型,探究各因素在不同水平下与抛秧立苗之间的关系。【结果】就黄华占而言,立苗角度范围为50.13°~57.12°,入土深度范围为23.76~29.59mm,立苗率范围为84%~93.33%。建立了立苗角度、入土深度和立苗率的回归方程,R2均高于0.9。抛秧高度对立苗角度、入土深度及立苗率均有显著影响,抛秧速度对立苗角度和入土深度影响较小,对立苗率影响不显著。【结论】综合考虑立苗角度、入土深度和立苗率,达到最佳抛秧立苗效果的参数组合为抛秧高度1.22 m,抛秧速度0.31 m/s,该条件下立苗角度均值为54.69°,入土深度均值为27.93mm,立苗率均值为92.34%。研究结果可为带送式定点抛秧装置的优化设计提供理论和试验依据。[Objective]In order to solve the problem of poor seedling standing of existing seedling throwing machinery,this study explored the influence of different factors on seedling standing of a rice-potted seedling.[Method]Huanghuazhan was selected as the test variety,and the rice pot seedlings cultivated by D448P reusable pot seedling tray were used as the test object.The seedling throwing height(0.60-1.40 m)and seedling throwing speed(0.10-1.30 m/s)were used as the test factors,the seedling standing angle,buried depth and seedling standing rate were used as the evaluation indexes.Based on the belt-type fixed-point seedling throwing device,the seedling throwing and standing test was conducted.Regression models for standing angle of seedling,in soil depth,and seedling standing ratio were established to explore the relationship between various factors and seedling standing at different levels.[Result]Regarding the Huanghuazhan variety,the standing angle of seedling ranged from 50.13°to 57.12°,the in-soil depth ranged from 23.76 mm to 29.59 mm,and the seedling standing ratio ranged from 84%to 93.33%.The regression equations for standing angle of seedling,in-soil depth,and seedling standing ratio were formulated,with all R²values exceeding 0.9.The results indicated that height of seedling throwing significantly affected standing angle of seedling,in-soil depth,and seedling standing ratio.Speed of seedling throwing exerted a minimal effect on standing angle of seedling and in-soil depth,with no significant influence on seedling standing ratio.[Conclusion]Taking the standing angle of seedling,in-soil depth,and seedling standing ratio into consideration,The combination of parameters to achieve the best seedling standing effect is the seedling height of 1.22 m and the seedling speed of 0.31 m/s.Under this condition,the average seedling angle is 54.69°,the average depth of soil is 27.93 mm,and the average seedling rate is 92.34%.The research could provide a theoretical and experimental basis for the optimal design of a bel

关 键 词：水稻 钵体苗 带送式定点抛秧 抛秧立苗 

分 类 号：S223.91[农业科学—农业机械化工程]