俄罗斯“混乱时期”“僭名”现象的生成机制与文化意义  

Generation Mechanism and Cultural Meaning of the Phenomenon of“Imposture”in the“Time of Troubles”of Russia

作　　者：石雅楠 SHI Yanan(School of Foreign Language and Literatures,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学外国语学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《燕山大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第1期82-90,共9页Journal of Yanshan University:Philosophy and Social Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“俄罗斯历史剧中的地缘政治问题研究”(24CWW041)。

摘　　要：16世纪末-17世纪初,俄罗斯社会频繁发生冒称皇室后裔伊凡雷帝之子德米特里的“僭名”现象。该现象有其生成的历史文化机制,德米特里的爆发性“复活”不仅与留里克王室血脉中断密切相关,更源于王权合法性的政治文化诉求、“真皇”的思想观念,以及俄罗斯精神的酒神特质。百年来“僭名”的主角德米特里在各种文本中不断被建构,逐步形成了“回归沙皇”“奥特列彼耶夫与巫师”“恶魔”“浪漫主义者”“俄罗斯现代化先驱”的神话模式,既反映该现象的强大生产力,亦折射出人们对历史事件和国家命运的不断思考。In the late 16th to early 17th century,Russian society witnessed a frequent occurrence of“imposture”,in which individuals falsely claimed to be the son of Ivan the Terrible Dmitry,descendant of the royal family.This phenomenon was shaped by historical and cultural mechanisms,with the explosive“resurrection”of Dmitri closely linked to the interruption of the Rurik dynasty bloodline,political and cultural demands for the legitimacy of kingship,the concept of the“true tsar”,and the Dionysian traits of the Russian spirit.Over a century,the protagonist“False Dmitry”had been continuously constructed in various texts,gradually producing a wealth of myths—“Returned Tsar”“Otlepiyev and wizard”“Demon”“Romantic”“Pioneer of Russian Modernization”.These mythological patterns not only reflect the powerful productivity of this phenomenon,but also mirror people’s ongoing reflections on historical events and the fate of the nation.

关 键 词：“混乱时期” “僭名” 德米特里 王权合法性 酒神精神 神话模型 

分 类 号：I512.073[文学—其他各国文学]