《杀鼠剂安全使用准则抗凝血类》标准应用的调查评价  

Investigation and evaluation of the application of Standards for Safety Application of Rodenticides-Anticoagulant

作　　者：李观翠 胡雅劼[1] 李宇斯 余技钢 李玲玲 张镇川 LI Guancui;HU Yajie;LI Yusi;YU Jigang;LI Lingling;ZHANG Zhenchuan(Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心,四川成都610041

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2025年第1期30-35,共6页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

基　　金：中国疾病预防控制中心2022年度公共卫生领域卫生健康评估项目(中疾控标准便函[2022]697号)。

摘　　要：目的 了解《杀鼠剂安全使用准则抗凝血类》(GB/T 27777—2011)标准的知晓情况、相关部门应用状况、实施效果、标准质量、使用过程中存在的问题等,针对性提出修订和完善的建议,为标准的修订提供参考。方法 自行设计调查问卷,采用分层随机抽样调查方法,随机抽取上海市、重庆市和四川省各级爱卫办、疾控中心,及辖区内有害生物防制服务机构、杀鼠剂生产企业和参与灭鼠的社区工作人员等进行问卷调查。数据采用SPSS 22.0软件进行描述性和推断统计分析,其中率的比较采用χ^(2)检验(α=0.05)。结果 共调查了235个机构,其中爱卫办84个、疾控中心105个、PCO公司46个,回收问卷235份,问卷有效率100%。被调查人员对该标准知晓率为97.45%,84.68%的被调查人员获取途径是学习培训;知晓标准人员中,85.59%应用标准。96%的被调查人员认为标准适用,88.21%认为标准不需要修订,认为标准需要修订者占11.79%;2.78%的被调查人员认为标准与《农药管理条例》等法律法规以及其他杀鼠剂使用管理规范、其他国标或行业标准等不完全一致。本次问卷收集到对该标准修订意见和建议18条。结论 本标准颁布实施时间较长,建议修订并进一步完善;针对区/县级疾控中心标准知晓率相对较低,可通过“世界标准日”等活动,进一步增强该标准的可获得性和理解,加强宣传力度,提升标准的使用效率,更好地发挥标准在卫生健康事业高质量发展中的引领和支撑作用。Objective To understand the knowledge of Standards for Safety Application of Rodenticides—Anticoagulant(GB/T 27777-2011),the application status,the implementation effect,the quality and use of the standards of the relevant departments at all levels,put forward suggestions for the revision and improvement of the standard,so as to provide a basis for the revision and improvement of the standard.Methods Using stratified random sampling survey,patriotic sanitation offices,centers for disease control and prevention(CDCs),pest control operation(PCO)service agencies,rodenticide manufacturers,and community personnel were randomly selected.SPSS 22.0 software was used for data processing and analysis.The rates were compared using the Chi-square test.Results A total of 235 institutions were investigated,including 84 patriotic sanitation offices,105 CDCs and 46 PCO companies.235 questionnaires were collected,with an effective rate of 100%.The awareness rate of the investigators was 97.45%,and the main access way was learning and training,accounting for 84.68%.The standard application rate of the standard personnel was 85.59%.More than 96%of personnel thought that the standard was applicable,88.21%thought that standard revision was not needed,and 11.79%thought that standard revision was needed.2.78%of the personnel believed that the standards were not completely consistent with the laws and regulations such as Pesticide Management Measures,as well as the use of other rodenticide management standards,and other national standards or industry standards.The questionnaire collected a total of 18 opinions and suggestions on the standard.Conclusion This standard has been promulgated and implemented,so it is recommended to further improve and revise the standard.The district/county CDCs are relatively low.It is suggested to further strengthen the publicity of the standard,enhance the availability and understanding of the standard,and support the role of the standard in the high-quality development of health undertakings.

关 键 词：抗凝血类杀鼠剂 安全使用 标准 调查 评价 

分 类 号：S443[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]