深圳市一起学校氯氰菊酯接触反应导致聚集事件的调查  

Investigation on an aggregation event of cypermethrinexposure in a school in Shenzhen

作　　者：闫慧敏 梅树江 张亚利 连莹莹[1] 杨楠[1] 李苑[4] YAN huimin;MEI Shujiang;ZHANG Yali;LIAN Yingying;YANG Nan;LI Yuan(Handan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Handan,Hebei 056008,China;Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China;Shenzhen Pingshan Disteict Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518122,China;Bao’anDistrict Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518100,China)

机构地区：[1]邯郸市疾病预防控制中心,河北邯郸056008 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心现场流行病学培训项目,北京100050 [3]深圳市坪山区妇幼保健院,广东深圳518122 [4]深圳市宝安区疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518100

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2025年第1期93-97,共5页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

基　　金：河北省医学科学研究指令性课题(20240152);邯郸市科学技术研究与发展计划项目(23422083172)。

摘　　要：目的对一起学校不明原因眼部疾病聚集性事件开展调查,探明原因及危险因素,提出科学的处置建议。方法通过描述性流行病学、现场卫生学调查和回顾性队列研究,不同罹患率间比较采用卡方检验,通过单因素分析和多因素logistic回归模型分析筛选可疑危险因素。结果共发现177例病例,71.8%的病例表现为眼部皮肤刺痛感,37.3%的病例有眼部皮肤烧灼感,13.6%的病例有皮肤红斑。小学一年级的罹患率(39.38%)最高,小学二年级的罹患率(10.74%)最低。年级间罹患率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=52.09,P<0.05)。回顾性队列研究结果显示,有揉眼睛行为的罹患率高于无揉眼睛行为的罹患率(χ^(2)=298.88,P<0.05);有搬凳子行为的罹患率高于无搬凳子行为的罹患率(χ^(2)=7.15,P<0.05),差异有统计学意义。单因素分析研究结果显示,学生揉眼习惯(OR=34.10,95%CI:20.25~57.41)、搬动凳子(OR=1.70,95%CI:1.15~2.52)是本次氯氰菊酯接触反应暴露危险因素。多因素logistic回归模型分析研究结果显示,学生揉眼习惯(OR=34.90,95%CI:20.60~59.11)是本次氯氰菊酯接触反应暴露危险因素。结论这是一起发生在学校的氯氰菊酯残留药物引起的接触者出现过敏反应的事件。建议学校使用化学药物杀虫时,严格按规范要求进行操作,且处理后应去除残留。Objective To investigate a cluster of unexplained eye diseases in school,find out the causes and risk factors,and put forward scientific treatment suggestions.Methods Through descriptive epidemiology,field hygiene investigation and retrospective cohort study,Chi-square test was used to compare different infection rates,and suspected risk factors were screened by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression model.Results A total of 177 cases were found,and 71.8%of the cases were reported to be a pain in eyes and skins,and 37.3%of the cases were reported to be burning,and 13.6%of the case appeared rashes.The highest incidence rate was in primary school grade 1(39.38%),while the lowest rate(10.74%)was in primary school grade 2.The difference of the incidence rate in different grade was statistically significant(χ^(2)=52.09,P<0.05).The results of retrospective cohort studies showed that the incidence rates with rubbing eye behavior was higher than that of no rubbing eye behavior(χ^(2)=298.88,P<0.05).There was a statistical significance in the incidence rate of the moving chairs behavior higher than that of the non-moving chairs(χ^(2)=7.15,P<0.05).The results of single factor analysis show that the students’rubbing eye habits(OR=34.10,95%CI:20.25-57.41)and the behavior of moving chairs(OR=1.70,95%CI:1.15-2.52)were the risk factors for cypermethrin exposure.Multivariate logistic regression model analysis showed that students’eye rubbing habit(OR=34.90,95%CI:20.60-59.11)was the risk factor for cypermethrin exposure.Conclusion This is a student allergy that happens to be in school,and the allergen is the cypermethrin residues.It is recommended that schools use chemical insecticide to kill insects in strict accordance with the requirements of the code,and the residue should be removed after treatment.

关 键 词：学校 氯氰菊酯 聚集性事件 调查 

分 类 号：R595[医药卫生—内科学]