熔体纺丝异形化纤维及其非织造材料的应用研究进展  

Research progress on the application of melt spinning profiled fibers and nonwoven materials

作　　者：吴万桦 钱晓明[1] 唐孝颜 娄伟 杨雪珂 兰怡娜 WU Wanhua;QIAN Xiaoming;TANG Xiaoyan;LOU Wei;YANG Xueke;LAN Yina(School of Textile Science and Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学纺织科学与工程学院,天津300387

出　　处：《现代纺织技术》2025年第2期10-22,共13页Advanced Textile Technology

基　　金：天津市研究生科研创新项目(2022BKY142)。

摘　　要：为了改善纤维市场中产品单一化、附加值低和性能同质化等问题,开展纤维异形化技术的相关研究至关重要。对熔体纺丝法制备异形纤维的技术及应用进行了综述,首先介绍了熔体纺丝工艺原理及异形纤维生产设备,并概括了常见异形纤维截面形状及特性,同时对现有的熔体纺丝法制备异形纤维技术进行分类,进而对异形纤维截面形状改变以及工艺参数改变对纤维性能的影响进行了总结,揭示纤维异形化过程中的共性问题;随后介绍了异形纤维及其非织造材料的应用;最后对异形纤维在发展应用中存在的问题进行了分析,并展望了未来技术发展前景。To improve the problems of product homogenization,low added value and performance homogenization in the fiber market,it is imperative to conduct relevant research on fiber profilization technology.Melt spinning,an efficient and environmentally friendly fiber production technique,proves suitable for industrial-scale manufacturing of profiled fibers.The melt spinning process's fiber profilization technology is comprehensively analyzed from various perspectives.Firstly,we provide a detailed introduction to the principles of melt spinning and specialized equipment used for producing profiled fibers while emphasizing the pivotal role played by profile spinnerets in the production process.Subsequently,we present an overview of profiled fibers along with enumerating their cross-sectional shapes and characteristic features.Additionally,we describe the fiber profiled technology in detail,focusing on the profiled spinneret method,the bulking and sticking method,the composite fiber processing technology and the micro-nano stacking technology.Furthermore,we present an overview of the recent status and research findings pertaining to these technologies.After the implementation of fiber profiling technology,profiled fibers exhibit distinctive characteristics,rendering them suitable for diverse applications.For instance,in the field of moisture-absorbing and quick-drying materials,Yang et al.developed a moisture-absorbing and quick-drying fabric using polylactic acid as a raw material by using profile spinnerets,and the special-shaped fibers effectively enhanced the hygroscopic properties of the fabric.In terms of thermal materials,Jia et al.combined polyethylene hollow fibers with polyacrylonitrile nanofibers through electrospinning technology to construct a stable porous structure that exhibits exceptional thermal insulation properties.Furthermore,in the domains of air filtration,oil-water separation,and sound absorption materials,the intricate three-dimensional structure,large specific surface area,good adsorption properties

关 键 词：熔体纺丝工艺 差别化纤维 异形纤维 非织造材料 应用 

分 类 号：TS156[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]