二硫化钼/纳米银@芳纶纳米纤维复合气凝胶的制备及其光热转换性能  

Preparation and photothermal conversion properties of MoS_(2)/AgNPs@ANFs composite aerogels

作　　者：张功煜 孙凯[1] 刘元军[1] 夏磊[1] 庄旭品[1] ZHANG Gongyu;SUN Kai;LIU Yuanjun;XIA Lei;ZHUANG Xupin(School of Textile Science and Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学纺织科学与工程学院,天津300387

出　　处：《现代纺织技术》2025年第2期33-41,共9页Advanced Textile Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52273059)。

摘　　要：为制备一体式轻质太阳能界面水蒸发器,以芳纶纳米纤维(ANFs)为载体,在其表面原位生长纳米银粒子(AgNPs),并与二硫化钼(MoS_(2))共混,利用冰模板法制备了MoS_(2)/AgNPs@ANFs复合气凝胶。采用冷场扫描电镜、透射电子显微镜、能谱仪、热常数分析仪、紫外分光光度计等设备,并利用气体吸附法和BJH方法,测试分析了复合气凝胶的结构与性能,结果发现:复合气凝胶的密度低至10 mg/m^(3),内部呈现多级胞腔结构,展示出高效的光吸收性能(在可见光区达到93.58%)和低热导率(0.033 W/(m·K)),100次循环压缩试验后应力保持率为99.23%,具有优异的机械稳定性。该复合气凝胶在5个太阳光强度下50 min后表面温度可升至74.66℃,界面水蒸发速率最高达到11.7 kg/(m^(2)·h),6次循环蒸发速率平均为11.34 kg/(m^(2)·h),表现出良好的循环稳定性。研究结果为高效易用的太阳能界面水蒸发器的发展提供了新的思路。With the global shortage of water resources and the increasingly severe energy crisis,solar interface evaporation technology,as an innovative solution,is gradually becoming a research hotspot.The solar interface evaporation system must have three key elements:efficient photothermal conversion materials,excellent hydrophilicity and reasonable thermal management structure design.First of all,efficient photothermal conversion materials are the basis.They must be able to effectively absorb sunlight and convert it into heat energy.Ideal materials such as graphene,carbon nanotubes,metal nanoparticles and polymer composites should have high light absorption,good thermal stability and long-term durability.Secondly,the design of hydrophilic surface is crucial to accelerate the transmission of water to the evaporation surface,which can be achieved by introducing hydrophilic groups or constructing micro nano structures on the material surface.Finally,the reasonable thermal management structure design ensures that the absorbed heat is mainly concentrated on the evaporation surface,rather than lost to the environment.By using thermal insulation materials or building multi-layer structures,such as isolating the photothermal conversion layer from the water body,the heat can be effectively locked at the evaporation interface,so as to improve the evaporation efficiency.The complex structural design of the solar evaporation system limits its large-scale production and cost-effectiveness.The large specific surface area,high porosity,extremely low thermal conductivity and excellent hydrophilicity of the aramid nanofiber aerogel meet the requirements for the preparation of an integrated solar evaporation system.In this paper,the ice template method was used to construct MoS_(2)/AgNPs@ANFs composite aerogels with porous cellular skeleton structure.The nano porous structure increases the refraction path of the optical path,enhances the light scattering,and improves the light absorption ability.The absorbance in the visible region reach

关 键 词：气凝胶 芳纶纳米纤维 二硫化钼 纳米银粒子 界面蒸发 光热转换 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]