黄河流域典型尾矿库周边土壤重金属分布特征及风险评价  

Distribution characteristics and risk assessment of heavy metals in soil around typical tailings pond in the Yellow River basin

作　　者：杜毅飞 孙佳政 张辉 杨红燕 王帅 沙锦箖 陈泽世 郑明超 DU Yifei;SUN Jiazheng;ZHANG Hui;YANG Hongyan;WANG Shuai;SHA Jinlin;CHEN Zeshi;ZHENG Mingchao(Yellow River Institute of Eco-Environmental Research,Zhengzhou Henan 450001;Baogang Group Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Centre,Baotou Inner Mongolia 014010;Ecological Environment Monitoring and Scientific Research Center of the Yellow River Basin Ecological Environment Supervision and Administration Bureau,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Zhengzhou Henan 450004;Baotou Huamei RE Products Co.,Ltd.,Baotou Inner Mongolia 014010)

机构地区：[1]黄河生态环境科学研究所,河南郑州450001 [2]包钢集团节能环保中心,内蒙古包头014010 [3]生态环境部黄河流域生态环境监督管理局生态环境监测与科学研究中心,河南郑州450004 [4]包头华美稀土高科有限公司,内蒙古包头014010

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2025年第2期28-34,43,共8页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展联合研究项目(No.2022-YRUC-01-0501)。

摘　　要：选择包头市某铁尾矿库所在水文地质单元为研究对象,采集表层土壤样品35个,分析土壤中Zn、Pb、Cr、Mn、Cd、As、Cu和Ni等8种重金属含量及空间分布特征,采用地累积指数法、潜在生态风险指数法和健康风险指数法评估重金属污染状况、潜在生态风险和健康风险。结果表明,研究区土壤除As外,其余重金属含量平均值均超过河套地区土壤背景值;Zn、Pb、Cd空间分布相似,尾矿库东部是其主要高值分布区;地累积指数和潜在生态风险指数评价结果显示,土壤重金属总体表现为轻度及以下污染水平,有轻微的生态风险;健康风险评价结果表明,土壤重金属的非致癌风险值均小于1,致癌风险值小于10-4,处于可接受风险水平,经口摄入是健康风险的主要暴露途径,As、Cr为主要的贡献元素。The hydrogeological unit of an iron tailings pond in Baotou City were selected as the reserch object,35 top soil samples were collected and analyzed for the contents and spatial distribution characteristics of eight heavy metals(Zn,Pb,Cr,Mn,Cd,As,Cu and Ni).The geoaccumulation index,potential ecological risk index and health risk index were used to evaluate the heavy metal pollution status,potential ecological risk and health risk.The results showed that the average content of heavy metals in the soil of the study area,except for As,exceeded the background values of soils in the Hetao area,the spatial distribution of Zn was consistent with the distribution of Pb,Cd,the east of the area near the concentrating mill were the main high-value distribution areas.The assessment results of geoaccumulation index and potential ecological risk index showed the heavy metals in the soil were in or below the mild pollution level and had a slight ecological risk.The results of health risk assessment showed the non-carcinogenic health risk index were less than 1,and the carcinogenic health risk index were less than 10-4,which were in an acceptable risk level,oral intake was the main exposure route of health risk,As and Cr were the main contributing elements.

关 键 词：黄河流域 尾矿库 土壤重金属 空间分布 风险评价 

分 类 号：F83[经济管理—金融学]