江汉油田集中开采区地下水质量及健康风险评价  

Assessment of groundwater quality and associated health risks in centralized extraction area of Jianghan Oilfield

作　　者：柳晓晨 李姗姗 蔡新毅 李红梅 张苑 鲁涛涛 LIU Xiaochen;LI Shanshan;CAI Xinyi;LI Hongmei;ZHANG Yuan;LU Taotao(Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology Institute of Hubei Geological Bureau,Jingzhou Hubei 434000;College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou Jiangsu 225000)

机构地区：[1]湖北省地质局水文地质工程地质大队,湖北荆州434000 [2]扬州大学水利科学与工程学院,江苏扬州225000

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2025年第2期35-43,共9页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：湖北省地质局民生地质项目“江汉平原典型地区水土质量调查与修复研究”(No.MSDZ202110)。

摘　　要：在长期石油开采的背景下,江汉油田的主要开采区地下水安全面临严重威胁。为评估该区域地下水的水化学特性及其对人体健康的潜在风险,采用水化学分析、危险指数(HI)、水质指数(WQI)以及健康风险模型对江汉油田集中开采区地下水进行评价。研究发现,区域地下水呈弱碱性;总溶解性固体(TDS)和总硬度(TH)平均值分别为634.132、433.678 mg/L;水化学主要类型为Ca/Mg-HCO3型;主要超标微量元素包括As、Mn、Al、Fe和Pb,其平均值分别为0.038、0.518、0.238、16.821、0.018 mg/L;此外,检出4种多环芳烃(PAHs),总质量浓度平均值为0.225μg/L。影响水化学组成的因素主要包括岩石风化和人为活动。尽管生态风险评价显示中等生态风险,但地下水质量评价却表明其水质极差(WQI平均值高达481.95)。健康风险评估表明,大部分地区地下水对居民构成非致癌健康风险,主要源自高含量As、Fe。因此,建议建立长期监测机制,确保当地居民及工人的饮用水安全。研究结果为石油开采区地下水管理提供了重要参考。The long-term oil extraction activities have significantly jeopardized groundwater safety in Jianghan Oilfield’s centralized extraction area.In order to evaluate the hydrochemical properties of the area’s groundwater and its potential health impacts,this paper evaluated groundwater quality in centralized extraction area of Jianghan Oilfield by methodology integrated hydrochemical analysis,hazardous index(HI),water quality index(WQI),and health risk models.Findings indicated that the groundwater was mildly alkaline,with total dissolved solids(TDS)and total hardness(TH)averaging 634.132 and 433.678 mg/L,respectively.The predominant hydrochemical type was Ca/Mg-HCO 3.Key excessive trace elements included As,Mn,Al,Fe,and Pb,with average concentrations of 0.038,0.518,0.238,16.821 and 0.018 mg/L,respectively.Additionally,this paper identified four types of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),with a total concentration of 0.225μg/L.The chemical composition of the groundwater was primarily affected by rock weathering and human activities.Despite a moderate ecological risk,the groundwater’s quality was critically poor(WQI averaging 481.95).The health risk assessment revealed non-carcinogenic risks in most areas,primarily due to excessive levels of As,Fe.Establishing a long-term monitoring program was recommended to ensure the safety of drinking water for residents and factory workers.This study offered valuable insights for managing groundwater in areas with intensive oil extraction.

关 键 词：江汉油田 集中开采区 地下水 水化学特征 健康风险 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4