常见农作物秸秆燃烧产物中多环芳烃含量分布特征与健康风险评估  

Characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content distribution and health risk assessment in common agricultural crop straw combustion products

作　　者：赵志燊 武思齐[1,2] 余磊 赵杰[1] ZHAO Zhishen;WU Siqi;YU Lei;ZHAO Jie(Key Laboratory for Degradation Technologies of Pesticide Residues with Superior Agricultural Products in Guizhou Ecological Environment,Guiyang University,Guiyang Guizhou 550005;College of Biological and Environmental Engineering,Guiyang University,Guiyang Guizhou 550005)

机构地区：[1]贵阳学院贵州生态环境中优势农产品残留农药降解关键技术研究重点实验室,贵州贵阳550005 [2]贵阳学院生物与环境工程学院,贵州贵阳550005

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2025年第2期44-51,共8页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：贵州省地厅级重点实验室建设项目(黔教合KY字2018005)。

摘　　要：采用气相色谱三重四级杆质谱联用仪对水稻、玉米秸秆燃烧产物的16种优控多环芳烃(PAHs)进行检测。结果发现,水稻与玉米秸秆的燃烧产物以残渣与底灰为主。水稻叶与玉米茎秆燃烧产物中,萘平均值最高,分别为0.187、0.143μg/g;水稻茎秆与玉米叶燃烧产物中,菲平均值最高,分别为0.242、0.209μg/g。水稻茎秆燃烧产物中,2~3环低分子量PAHs、4~6环高分子量PAHs与总PAHs平均值均显著高于玉米茎秆(p<0.05),而水稻叶燃烧产物中3类PAHs平均值均低于玉米叶,但不显著(p>0.05)。低分子量PAHs是水稻与玉米秸秆燃烧产物的主要PAHs污染物。特定PAHs化合物比值显示两种农作物秸秆燃烧产物中PAHs主要来源于不完全燃烧与热解。对应苯并[a]芘的毒性当量(TEQ)结果显示,玉米秸秆燃烧产物中,2、3、6环PAHs平均TEQ均低于1.0 ng/g;4~5环PAHs平均TEQ均高于其他PAHs。水稻茎秆燃烧产物中PAHs在经口摄入与皮肤接触暴露途径下对儿童、少年与成年均存在潜在致癌风险。A gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometer was applied to quantify the concentrations of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in the combustion products derived from rice and corn straw.The results revealed that the primary combustion products of rice and corn straws were residues and bottom ash.The highest average content of naphthalene was found in the combustion products of rice leaves and corn stems,at 0.187μg/g and 0.143μg/g,respectively.Conversely,the highest average content of phenanthrene was observed in the combustion products of rice stems and corn leaves,at 0.242μg/g and 0.209μg/g,respectively.In the combustion products of rice stems,the concentrations of 2-3 ring low molecular weight(LMW)PAHs,4-6 ring high molecular weight(HMW)PAHs,and total PAHs were significantly elevated compared to those in corn stems(p<0.05).Meanwhile,the concentrations of the same three types of PAHs in the combustion products of rice leaves were lower than those in corn leaves;however,this difference was not statistically significant(p>0.05).LMW PAHs was the primary PAHs components in the combustion products of rice and corn straw.The ratio of specific PAHs compounds indicated that the PAHs in the combustion products of two types of crop straw primarily resulted from incomplete combustion and pyrolysis.The toxicity equivalent(TEQ)results corresponding to benzo[a]pyrene showed that the average TEQ of 2,3 and 6 ring PAHs in the combustion products of corn stover was less than 1.0 ng/g.The average TEQ of 4-5 ring PAHs was higher than that of other PAHs.The PAHs presented in the combustion products of rice stems exhibited potential carcinogenic risks to children,adolescents,and adults through two exposure pathways:oral ingestion and dermal contact.

关 键 词：农作物秸秆 燃烧产物 多环芳烃 毒性当量 

分 类 号：X71[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4