气化石油焦灰渣中重金属钒、镍浸出研究  

Leaching of heavy metals vanadium and nickel from gasified petroleum coke ash

作　　者：王静云 褚琳琳 张然 金晓霞 WANG Jingyun;CHU Linlin;ZHANG Ran;JIN Xiaoxia(Shandong Weihai Ecological Environment Monitoring Center,Weihai Shandong 264200)

机构地区：[1]山东省威海生态环境监测中心,山东威海264200

出　　处：《首都师范大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期61-65,共5页Journal of Capital Normal University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：山东省环境科学学会基金项目(202102)。

摘　　要：为提高气化石油焦灰渣中V、Ni的浸出率,本文以600℃烧碳处理的气化石油焦灰渣为原料,通过湿法处理工艺,研究了灰渣中重金属V和Ni的浸出行为。分别采用酸浸法、碱浸法和碱浸-酸浸法共3种方法提取灰渣中的V和Ni,对反应温度、浓度和反应时间等条件进行优化,比较2种重金属的浸出率。结果表明:酸浸法,灰渣粒径为70~90μm,反应温度为160℃,反应时间3h,H_(2)SO_(4)质量分数为40.00%时,V和Ni的浸出率分别为60.30%和90.70%,酸浸法更有利于Ni的浸出;碱浸法,可显著改善灰渣的比表面积,当反应温度为150℃,反应时间为3 h,碱液质量分数为7.00%时,碱浸灰渣的比表面积可达到97 m^(2)/g,V的浸出率为88.10%,Ni无浸出;碱浸-酸浸法,灰渣中V和Ni几乎全部进入溶液,浸出率分别为99.80%和99.40%,可实现V和Ni的最大化浸出。In order to improve the leaching rate of V and Ni in gasified petroleum coke ash,the leaching behavior of heavy metals V and Ni in gasified petroleum coke ash treated with carbon burning at 600℃was studied by wet process.V and Ni were extracted from ash residue by three methods:acid leaching,alkali leaching and alkali-acid leaching.The experimental conditions of reaction temperature,concentration and time were optimized,and the leaching rates of the two heavy metals were compared.The results showed that the leaching rates of V and Ni were 60.30%and 90.70%,respectively,when the ash particle size was 70 to 90µm,the reaction temperature was 160℃,the reaction time was 3 h,and the mass percentage of H_(2)SO_(4) was 40.00%in the acid leaching process.Acid leaching is more beneficial to the extraction of Ni.Alkaline leaching method can significantly improve the specific surface area of ash residue.When the reaction temperature was 150℃,the reaction time was 3 h,and the mass percentage of lye was 7.00%,the specific surface area of ash residue can reach 97 m^(2)/g,the leaching rate of V was 88.10%,and Ni was not leached.By alkali-acid leaching,almost all of the V and Ni in the ash residue entered the solution,the leaching rate of V and Ni in ash residue were 99.80%and 99.40%respectively,which can maximize the leaching of V and Ni.

关 键 词：气化石油焦灰渣 浸出行为 钒 镍 

分 类 号：O69[理学—化学] X742[环境科学与工程—环境工程]