龙羊峡水库鱼类多维度β多样性格局及其驱动因子  

SPATIAL PATTERNS AND DRIVERS OF MULTIDIMENSIONALβDIVERSITY IN THE LONGYANGXIA RESERVOIR

作　　者：李钧乐 卓玉 李英钦 李柯懋 简生龙 隋晓云[2] 冯秀[2] 朱仁 贾银涛[2] 陈毅峰[2] LI Jun-Le;ZHUO Yu;LI Ying-Qin;LI Ke-Mao;JIAN Sheng-Long;SUI Xiao-Yun;FENG Xiu;ZHU Ren;JIA Yin-Tao;CHEN Yi-Feng(Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Environment on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,Ministry of Education,School of Ecology and Environment,Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,China;Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Qinghai Provincial Fishery Technology Extension Center,Xining 810012,China;Key Laboratory of Plateau Aquatic and Environmental in Qinghai Province,Xining 810012,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏大学生态环境学院青藏高原生物多样性与生态环境保护教育部重点实验室,拉萨850000 [2]中国科学院水生生物研究所,武汉430072 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]青海省渔业技术推广中心,西宁810012 [5]青海省高原水生生物及生态环境重点实验室,西宁810012

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2025年第3期36-46,共11页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32171659和U22A20454);国家重点研发计划(2021YFC3200103)资助。

摘　　要：研究选择黄河上游的龙羊峡水库作为研究区域,基于物种有无、个体数和生物量三种数据类型,对龙羊峡水库鱼类物种、功能和系统发育β多样性及其周转和嵌套组分的格局和驱动因子进行了分析。研究结果表明:(1)对于整体鱼类而言,基于物种有无数据,周转组分主导了物种、功能和系统发育β多样性,而基于个体数和生物量数据时,嵌套组分在三种维度β多样性占主导地位;(2)对于土著鱼类而言,基于物种有无数据,物种β多样性由周转组分主导,功能和系统发育β多样性由嵌套组分主导,而基于个体数和生物量数据时,三种维度β多样性均由嵌套组分主导;(3)多元回归分析表明,距下游大坝距离和外来鱼类数量占比对所有维度β多样性格局都有显著影响。研究结果强调,在β多样性分析中应综合考虑多种数据类型和多样性的不同维度,以更全面地了解β多样性格局及其形成机制。此外,鉴于龙羊峡鱼类β多样性以嵌套组分为主,同时具有一定比例的周转组分,因此,制定龙羊峡水库鱼类保护对策时应综合考虑α多样性较高的重点区域,同时需要兼顾多个区域。We selected the Longyangxia Reservoir,one of the largest reservoirs in the upper reaches of the Yellow River,as our study area.We analyzed the patterns ofβdiversity,along with its turnover and nestedness components and driving factors,across taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic dimensions using three different data types:species occurrence,abundance,and biomass.Our results revealed that:(1)for the overall fish community,turnover compo-nents dominated taxonomic,functional,and phylogeneticβdiversity based on species occurrence data,whereas nested-ness components dominated when using abundance and biomass data;(2)for native fish species,turnover components primarily drove taxonomicβdiversity based on species occurrence data,while nestedness components dominated func-tional and phylogeneticβdiversity,with nestedness components prevailed across all dimensions when using other data types;(3)multiple regression on distance matrices analysis indicated that distance from the dam and proportion of non-native species significantly influenced all multi-dimensionalβdiversity patterns.Our findings underscore the impor-tance of integra ting multiple data types and diversity dimensions to capture complementary insights into biodiversity dynamics,enhancing our ability to detect and interpret patterns and processes in community composition.Furthermore,theβdiversity in Longyangxia Reservoir is largely shaped by nestedness components,with a certain proportion of turnover components.This suggests that conservation efforts should prioritize the most biodiverse sites and consider multiple habitats throughout the reservoir to effectively preserve fish biodiversity.

关 键 词：Β多样性 多维多样性 周转 嵌套 驱动因子 龙羊峡 鱼类 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源]