东太湖应急水源地浮游植物功能群特征及其影响因子  

FUNCTIONAL GROUP CHARACTERISTICS AND INFLUENCING FACTORS OF PHYTOPLANKTON IN EMERGENCY WATER SUPPLY OF EAST TAIHU LAKE

作　　者：柯杰 刘若愚 郭超 李诗琦 许博 倪先哲 王益 廖传松 李为[1,2] 刘家寿 KE Jie;LIU Ruo-Yu;GUO Chao;LI Shi-Qi;XU Bo;NI Xian-Zhe;WANG Yi;LIAO Chuan-Song;LI Wei;LIU Jia-Shou(Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture(CAS),Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Suzhou Yan Da Testing Co.,Ltd.,Wujiang 215200,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所水产品种创制与高效养殖重点实验室,武汉430072 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]苏州衍达检测有限公司,吴江215200

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2025年第3期55-64,共10页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32303010和32373136);国家重点研发计划(2023YFD2400900和2023YFD2400505);吴江区东太湖应急水源地生态系统调控与管理策略资助。

摘　　要：研究于2022年5月—2023年2月对东太湖应急水源地的浮游植物和环境因子进行了4个季度的调查分析,旨在探明水源地浮游植物功能群特征动态及其与环境因子之间的关系。结果表明:(1)共鉴定出浮游植物7门128种,共划分为21个功能群,包括喜好高营养扰动的功能群MP、P、S1,喜好高营养低扰动的H1、W1,以及具广适性的LO等,表现为夏秋季功能群种类数较多,秋季功能群生物量明显高于其他季节,指示水体生境特征为水浅、分层较少、透明度低、高营养状态;(2)优势功能群有7个(E、H1、LO、MP、P、S1、W1),具明显的季节性,表现为春LO/W1/P→夏H1/S1/MP→秋LO/P/MP→冬E/H1/LO的季节演替,生物量占比最大的主要为以甲藻为主的功能群LO和以硅藻为主的功能群MP;(3)冗余分析(RDA)和方差分解分析(VPA)表明,水温(WT)、氨氮(NH+4-N)、总磷(TP)和电导率(Cond)是影响水源地浮游植物优势功能群生物量的主要环境因子,其中功能群LO与WT、NH_(4)^(+)-N、TP、Cond均呈负相关,功能群W1、S1、MP均与WT、NH_(4)^(+)--N、TP、Cond呈正相关;(4)功能群Q指数评价结果(2.91±0.11)表明水源地整体水质状态“中等”,但在夏季时水质较差、营养水平和蓝藻丰度较高,依然面临蓝藻水华问题。建议严格控制外源营养输入,加强生态系统结构调控,提升生态系统的稳定性和自净能力,以控制蓝藻水华发生和保障供水安全。From May 2022 to February 2023,four quarterly surveys were conducted to investigate the dynamic charac-teristics of phytoplankton functional groups and their relationships with environmental factors in the emergency water supply for East Taihu Lake.The results showed that:(1)A total of 128 species belonging to 7 phyla of phytoplankton were identified and classified into 21 functional groups,including MP,P,and S1,which prefer high nutrient distur-bance,as well as H1 and W1,which prefer high nutrient and low disturbance environments.The LO group exhibited wide adaptability.Functional group species was higher in summer and autumn,with autumn showing significantly higher biomass,suggesting the water habitat was shallow,weakly stratified,less transparent,and in a high trophic state.(2)Seven dominant functional groups(E,H1,LO,MP,P,S1,and W1)were identified,displaying clear seasonality and a succession pattern:spring(LO/W1/P)→summer(H1/S1/MP)→autumn(LO/P/MP)→winter(E/H1/LO).The dinoflage-llates-dominated LO group and the diatom-dominated MP group constituted the largest proportion of the total.(3)RDA NH+4and VPA analysis showed that WT,-N,TP,and Cond were the main environmental factors affecting the biomass NH+4of dominant phytoplankton groups.Functional groups LO was negatively correlated with WT,-N,TP,and Cond,while groups W1,S1,and MP showed positive correlations with these variables.(4)The Q-index evaluation of func-tional groups(2.91±0.11)indicated that the overall water quality of the source was“medium”.However,during the summer,water quality deteriorated,with high nutrient levels and elevated cyanobacterial abundance,indicating an ongoing risk of cyanobacterial blooms.It is recommended to strictly control external nutrient input,strengthen ecosys-tem regulation,and enhance the stability and self-purification ability of the ecosystem to mitigate bloom occurrences and ensure water supply safety.

关 键 词：水源地湖泊 浮游植物 功能群 环境因子 Q指数 东太湖 

分 类 号：S932.8[农业科学—渔业资源]