工艺优化对6061铝合金挤压型材组织及力学性能的影响  

Effect of process optimization on the microstructure and mechanical property of 6061 aluminium alloy extrusion profile

作　　者：廖恒斌 宋海海 罗杰 刘海亮 丁小理 LIAO Hengbin;SONG Haihai;LUO Jie;LIU Hailiang;DING Xiaoli(School of Mechanical&Automotive Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640;Guangdong Hoshion Industrial Aluminium Co.,Ltd.,Zhongshan 528463,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,广州510640 [2]广东和胜工业铝材股份有限公司,广东中山528463

出　　处：《铝加工》2025年第1期32-37,共6页Aluminium Fabrication

摘　　要：研究了工艺优化对6061铝合金挤压型材组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明:提高Si、Mg、Mn及Cr元素质量分数,可以提高挤压型材的综合力学性能。Mn和Cr元素使晶粒组织由粗大再结晶组织转变为细小亚晶组织,保证延伸率合格。采用2.1 mm/s挤压速度和风雾冷工艺,可获得较高的强度和延伸率。采用高温短时时效工艺,可以获得较高的屈服强度。通过延长均匀化时间,可有效提升抗拉强度和屈服强度,但会导致延伸率略微下降。The effect of process optimization on the microstructure and mechanical property of the 6061 aluminium alloy extrusion profile was studied.The results show that by increasing Si,Mg,Mn and Cr element mass fraction,the comprehensive mechanical property can be improved.Mn and Cr elements make the grain structure change from coarse recrystallization structure to fine sub-grain structure,ensuring that the elongation is qualified.The extrusion speed of 2.1 mm/s and the wind-water fog mixed cool can obtain higher strength and elongation.High yield strength can be obtained by high temperature and short time ageing process.By the extension of homogenization time,the tensile strength and yield strength can be effectively improved,but the elongation is slightly decreased.

关 键 词：6061铝合金 挤压型材 力学性能 细小亚晶 

分 类 号：TG146.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]