整治“五多”:新中国成立初期基层减负及现实启示  

Governance of the“Five Excesses”:Revelation and Easing the Burdens of those Working on the Ground During the Early Period of New China

作　　者：李昱颖 张昭国 LI Yuying;ZHANG Zhaoguo(School of Marxism,East China jiaotong University,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]华东交通大学马克思主义学院,南昌330013

出　　处：《陕西行政学院学报》2025年第1期124-128,共5页Journal of Shaanxi Academy of Governance

基　　金：江西省社科规划项目“中共江西特委组织史研究”(20DJ05);江西省研究生创新专项资金项目“中国共产党基层政府工作‘五多’问题治理研究”(YC2023-S482)。

摘　　要：深化拓展基层减负,改善基层政治生态,是基层党组织发挥战斗堡垒作用的重要前提。新中国成立初期,由于社会变革任务繁重以及党内存在着的命令主义、官僚主义等不良作风,农村工作普遍出现了任务多、会议和集训多、公文表册多、组织多、积极分子兼职多等“五多”问题。“五多”不仅有损党和政府形象,而且干扰了农村正常生产秩序,增加了基层干部负担。为此,中央与地方各级党委于1953年进行了大力整治并促进了农村工作形势好转。探究新中国成立初期农村工作“五多”问题的治理,对新时代如何进一步整治形式主义、官僚主义,切实为基层减负具有重要的现实意义。We continue easing the burdens of those working on the ground deeply and improve the political ecology at the grass-roots level,which are important prerequisites for Primary-level Party organizations to play a key role.Due to the heavy task of social change and the existence of bad practices such as commandism and bureaucracy in the Party,there were in many rural areas the five excessive things:assigned tasks,meetings and assemblies(for training),paper work(documents,written reports,and statistic forms),organizations and concurrent jobs by active elements in the early period of PRC.The existence of these excesses not only impaired the image of the Communist Party of China and the government,but also interfered with the local normal production and increasing the burden of grassroots cadres.Accordingly,the central and local party committees at all levels in 1953 vigorously rectified and promoted the improvement of the rural work situation.A review of the“five excesses”in rural work the early days of New China has profound historical lessons for thinking about how to tackle pointless formalities and bureaucratism and ease the burdens of those working on the ground in the new era.

关 键 词：新中国成立初期 “五多” 基层减负 

分 类 号：D263.1[政治法律—政治学]