面向6G的近场新型预编码设计  

Novel Near-field Precoding Design for 6G Communications

作　　者：菅梦楠 陈艺戬 赵亚军 JIAN Mengnan;CHEN Yijian;ZHAO Yajun(State Key Laboratory of Mobile Network and Mobile Multimedia Technology,Shenzhen 518055,China;ZTE Wireless and computing Product R&D Institure,Beijing 100192,China)

机构地区：[1]移动网络和移动多媒体技术国家重点实验室,广东深圳518055 [2]中兴通讯无线及算力研究院,北京100192

出　　处：《无线电通信技术》2025年第1期51-59,共9页Radio Communications Technology

摘　　要：在6G通信发展中,面对复杂的传播环境和障碍物遮挡,如何实现高效的信号传输成为关键挑战。系统研究了大规模天线阵列系统下的非平稳信道特性及其对波束传播的影响,同时提出了一系列新型波束设计方案,包括Bessel波束、Airy波束和新型泛化波束,以解决高频通信中的障碍物绕射问题。深入分析了非平稳现象在超大规模多输入多输出(Extremely Large-scale Multiple-Input Multiple-Output,XL-MIMO)和智能超表面(Reconfigurable Intelligent surface,RIS)等6G候选技术中的表现,重点探讨了不同天线单元在复杂传播环境中感知的路径差异及其对信道建模、波束赋形的影响。提出针对未来无线通信的新型波束设计,通过Bessel波束、Airy波束以及新型泛化波束实现灵活轨迹控制,使能绕过障碍物的精确传输,显著提升了信号的鲁棒性与系统的频谱效率。仿真结果表明,新型波束设计在复杂环境中的性能优于传统波束设计,特别是在应对障碍物阻挡方面表现出色。In the development of 6G communication,achieving efficient signal transmission in the face of complex propagation environments and obstacle blockage has become a key challenge.This paper systematically studies the non-stationary channel characteristics of large-scale antenna array systems and their impact on beam propagation,while proposing a series of new beam design schemes,including Bessel beams,Airy beams,and novel generalized beams,to address the issue of obstacle diffraction in high-frequency communication.Firstly,the paper conducts an in-depth analysis of non-stationary phenomena in Extremely Large-scale Multiple-Input Multiple-Output(XL-MIMO)and Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface(RIS)with a focus on the path differences perceived by different antenna elements in complex propagation environments and their impact on channel modeling and beamforming.Secondly,novel beam designs are proposed for future wireless communication,featuring flexible trajectory control through Bessel beams,Airy beams,and novel generalized beams,to enable precise transmission that bypasses obstacles,significantly enhancing signal robustness and system spectral efficiency.Simulation results show that the performance of these new beams surpasses traditional beam designs in complex environments,especially in scenarios involving obstacle blockage.

关 键 词：6G 近场通信 空间非平稳 新型泛化波束 

分 类 号：TN929.5[电子电信—通信与信息系统]