面向6G无人机通信网络的信号传输机理研究与分析  

Analysis and Research on the Communication Transmission Mechanism for Low-altitude Physical UAV Wireless Networks

作　　者：孙俊 盛伟 屈家安 颜坤 周北平[5] SUN Jun;SHENG Wei;QU Jiaan;YAN Kun;ZHOU Beiping(Nanjing China-Spacenet Satellite Communication Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210061,China;Nanjing Saibao Industrial Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 211800,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Shanghai Railway Bureau Group Xuzhou Locomotive Depot,Xuzhou 221007,China;School of Electronics and Information Engineering,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China)

机构地区：[1]南京中网卫星通信股份有限公司,江苏南京210061 [2]南京赛宝工业技术研究院有限公司,江苏南京211800 [3]南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏南京210044 [4]上海铁路局集团徐州机务段,江苏徐州221007 [5]南京信息工程大学电子与信息工程学院,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《无线电通信技术》2025年第1期86-95,共10页Radio Communications Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(62471238)。

摘　　要：无人机由于其灵活部署、广泛覆盖和高移动性等特点在6G无线通信网络发展中至关重要,同时也为信道研究带来了挑战。提出了一种适用于6G无人机通信网络的多输入多输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output,MIMO)空地无线通信场景的信道模型。实际场景中无人机发射机与地面移动用户接收机之间的直接传播链路经常被树木和建筑物阻断,为了解决这一问题,通过引入双智能反射表面(Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces,IRS)技术来实现信号传输,形成双IRS、单IRS以及非视距(Non Line of Sight,NLOS)路径的传播链路。研究了这些链路的复杂信道冲激响应,考虑了多径效应的影响并据此推导出了完整的信道矩阵,分析了该信道模型在不同模型参数下的统计特性。基于这些理论推导,进一步研究了双IRS辅助空对地通信信道模型的传播特性。仿真结果表明,相较于单IRS配置,双IRS在提升系统性能方面具有显著优势,为进一步优化和设计基于IRS的空对地无线通信系统提供了有价值的参考。UAVs are essential in the 6G wireless communication network for their flexible deployment,wide coverage,and high mobility.However,these attributes pose challenges for channel research.This paper presents a novel physical communication model for 6G in Multiple-Input Multiple-Output(MIMO)air-to-ground wireless channels.Here,the direct propagation link between the UAV transmitter and vehicle receiver is obstructed by buildings,hindering successful signal transmission.To address this,we propose employing double Intelligent Reflecting Surface(IRS)to assist signal transmission,forming propagation links with either double or single IRS along with the Non Line of Sight(NLOS)path.We investigate the complex channel impulse responses of these links considering multipath effects and derive the complete channel matrix.Additionally,we analyze the statistical properties of the communication model across various parameters.Leveraging these derivations,we illustrate the propagation characteristics of the MIMO UAV-to-vehicle communication model empowered by double IRS.Simulation results highlight the superior channel characteristics of double-IRS compared to single-IRS,underscoring the significance of integrating double IRS into the UAV-to-vehicle channel model.

关 键 词：6G 无人机通信 智能反射面 复杂信道冲激响应 

分 类 号：TN929.5[电子电信—通信与信息系统]