Rapid reduction of air pollution and short-term exposure risks in China  

作　　者：Hao Fan Chuanfeng Zhao Yikun Yang Xingchuan Yang 

机构地区：[1]State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control,School of Environment,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China [2]Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmospheric Studies,Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences,School of Physics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China [3]College of Resource Environment and Tourism,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China

出　　处：《Journal of Environmental Sciences》2025年第3期126-138,共13页环境科学学报(英文版)

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42205178);China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M720459).

摘　　要：With the continuous control of anthropogenic emissions,China’s air quality has improved significantly in recent years.Given this background,research on how the short-term exposure risks caused by air pollution in China have changed is insufficient.This study utilized hourly concentration data from ground observation stations and the official air quality guidelines of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China and the World Health Organization as standards to systematically investigate the spatiotemporal characteristics and short-term exposure risks of air pollution in China from 2015 to 2022.The results indicate that various atmospheric pollutants except for ozone showed a decreasing trend yearly.Nationwide,both single pollutant air pollution days(SAPDs)and multiple pollutant air pollution days(MAPDs)showed varying degrees of reduction within 15 and 25 days,respectively.SAPD was dominated mainly by excessive PM_(2.5)and PM_(10)pollutants,while MAPD was dominated mainly by excessive pollutant combinations,including PM_(2.5)+PM_(10),CO+PM_(2.5)+PM_(10),and SO_(2)+PM_(2.5)+PM_(10).As the concentration of atmospheric pollutants decreased,the total excess risk(ER)decreased yearly from 2015 to 2022,but there were significant regional differences.Now,the ER is less than 0.25%in southern China,in the range of 0.25%-0.5%in the North China Plain and some cities in the northeast,and higher than 1%in the northwest.Particulate matter is currently the primary pollutant posing short-term exposure risk in China,especially due to the impact of sandstorm weather.This study indicates that China’s atmospheric cleaning action is significantly beneficial for reducing health risks.

关 键 词：Air pollution Emission-reduction Total excess risk Particulate matter China 

分 类 号：F42[经济管理—产业经济]