晚清天文学译词考察——以五种天文学译著为中心  

Investigation on the Translation of Astronomy Terms in Late Qing Dynasty--Centered on Five Astronomy Translation Works

作　　者：牛振 魏笑晴 NIU Zhen;WEI Xiaoqing

机构地区：[1]郑州大学文学院中华汉字文明研究中心

出　　处：《汉字汉语研究》2024年第4期29-44,125,共17页The Study Of Chinese Characters And Language

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“外来科技名词汉译用字的历史研究”(20BYY132);郑州大学教学改革重点项目“跨文化视野下的语言学纲要课程教学改革”(2023ZZUJGXM018)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：测查晚清五种天文学译著,共得到54组天文学译词。这些译词均为意译词,一义多译现象多见,译词沿用比例较高。从来源看,除借用词和移植词外,译者还利用汉语固有词或语素创制新词。通过历时比对可知,晚清天文学译词中词形稳定和趋向定形的译词各占三分之一左右,呈现本土化、趋向稳定统一、多音节化、系统化等特点。Investigating fi ve astronomy translation works in late Qing Dynasty,a total of 54 astronomy translation terms were obtained and all of them are free translation,with the phenomenon of commonly having multiple translations for the same meaning,and a high rate of continued use of these translated terms.In terms of sources,apart from loanwords and transplanted words,translators also coined new terms using native Chinese words or morphemes.In late Qing astronomical translations,one-third of the translated terms maintain stable word forms,while another third exhibit a tendency towards specifi c forms.These terms demonstrate characteristics such as localization,a tendency towards stability and uniformity,polysyllabicity,and systematization.

关 键 词：晚清 天文学译词 来源 演变 特点 

分 类 号：H31[语言文字—英语]