油棕树叶柄制备氮掺杂多孔炭纳米片用于高性能锂硫电池  

Porous nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets derived from oil palm petioles for use as the sulfur host material in high-rate and durable Li-S batteries

作　　者：刘于斯 赵星赫 王开学[2] LIU Yu-si;ZHAO Xing-he;WANG Kai-xue(College of Smart Energy,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research Center,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学国家电投智慧能源创新学院,上海200240 [2]上海交通大学化学化工学院,上海200240

出　　处：《新型炭材料(中英文)》2025年第1期222-230,共9页New Carbon Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52306260);上海交通大学新进教师启动计划(22X010503813)。

摘　　要：锂硫电池宿主材料的成份与结构区别,是引起电池性能差异的重要原因。经济性好且环保的碳基宿主材料是实现锂硫电池实用化的最有效策略之一。本研究利用油棕树叶柄为原料,采用尿素浸泡和化学活化的方法,制备出具有堆叠纳米片层结构的氮掺杂多孔炭材料(NPPCNs)用作硫正极宿主材料,显著提高了电池的性能。N-PPCNs实现了N元素的均匀掺杂,作为硫的宿主材料,增加了对多硫化物的吸附能,加速了多硫化物的转化动力学。复合多孔结构和氮的有效掺杂共同作用,抑制了“穿梭效应”,使复合电极达到1257 mAh g^(−1)的高比容量,在1 C倍率下循环500圈仍可保持490 mA h g^(−1)的比容量。这项工作充分证明了废弃生物质再利用的潜力。The composition and structure of the sulfur host material in lithium-sulfur batteries are the main reasons for differences in battery performance,and one that is both economical and environmentally friendly is needed for producing practical batteries.We have used an innovative method to prepare nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanosheets(N-PPCNs)from the petioles of palm trees.A nitrogen dopped material consisting of stacks of these nano-sheets was synthesized by soaking the petioles in urea followed by chemical activation.The porous carbon materials were uniformly doped with nitrogen and were used as the sulfur host material,which increased the adsorption energy of polysulfides and accelerated the conversion from longchain polysulfides to short-chain polysulfides.The porous structure and nitrogen doping work together to suppress the“shuttle effect”,enabling the electrode to achieve a high specific capacity of 1257 mAh g^(−1),and still maintain a specific capacity of 490 mAh g^(−1) after 500 cycles at a rate of 1 C.This work demonstrates the potential reuse of waste biomass.

关 键 词：锂硫电池 废弃资源再利用 多孔炭纳米片 转化反应动力学 高性能 

分 类 号：TQ152[化学工程—电化学工业]