拜登政府重塑北极清洁能源供应链的动因、路径及影响  

Motivation,Path and Impact of Biden Administration’s Reshaping of Arctic Clean Energy Supply Chain

作　　者：张家旺 ZHANG Jia-wang(School of International Affairs and Public Administration,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学国际事务与公共管理学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《辽东学院学报(社会科学版)》2024年第6期25-35,共11页Journal of Liaodong University:Social Science Edition

摘　　要：世界能源转型的浪潮下,基于霸权护持的目的,拜登政府开始实施重塑清洁能源供应链的战略,并将目光投向北极。北极地区蕴藏的关键矿产及当前俄乌冲突引发北极地区地缘政治的显著变化满足了美国对关键矿产的需求,并链接拜登政府的气候政策与能源政策,同时美国也将北极作为遏制竞争对手的场域,上述原因驱动拜登政府以本土化、盟友化、模块化的路径建立北极清洁能源供应链联盟。为了保障供应链的安全性,拜登政府通过军事与经济、官方与民间、国家与地方3个层面的立体式捆绑,试图增强美国对北极合作的控制。美国重塑北极清洁能源供应链,将补强本国在关键矿产供应、绿色技术以及基础设施建设等领域的薄弱环节,但其阵营化的合作方式并联合盟国构建排他性准入门槛的排外行径将压缩北极地区的合作空间,冲击中国正常的北极活动。Under the wave of world energy transformation,based on the purpose of hegemony protection,the Biden administration began to implement the strategy of reshaping the clean energy supply chain and set its sights on the Arctic.The key minerals in the Arctic and the significant geopolitical changes in the Arctic triggered by the current Russian-Ukrainian conflict can meet the key mineral needs of the United States and link the climate and energy policies of the Biden administration,while the United States also uses the Arctic as a field to contain competitors.The above factors have driven the Biden administration to establish an Arctic clean energy supply chain alliance in a localized,allied and modular way.In order to ensure the security of the supply chain,the Biden administration has strengthened its control over Arctic cooperation through three-dimensional bundling at the military and economic,official and civil,national and local levels.Reshaping the Arctic clean energy supply chain in the United States will strengthen its weak links in key mineral supply,green technology and infrastructure construction.However,due to the camp-based cooperation approach in cooperation and the construction of exclusive access threshold by allies,the US Arctic clean energy policy will reduce the cooperation space in the Arctic region and impact China's normal Arctic activities.

关 键 词：拜登政府 清洁能源供应链 北极 关键矿产 阵营化合作 排他性 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]