基于OpenFOAM的典型复杂地形流场演变  

The evolution of complex terrain flow fields based on OpenFOAM

作　　者：曹晓焱 许昌[1] 程哲[1] 韩星星[1] 薛飞飞[1] Cao Xiaoyan;Xu Chang;Cheng Zhe;Han Xingxing;Xue Feifei(Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学,江苏南京211100

出　　处：《可再生能源》2025年第2期208-216,共9页Renewable Energy Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52106238);江苏省政策引导类计划(BZ2021019);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(B230201051)。

摘　　要：随着平坦地形资源的消耗殆尽,风电场选址逐渐转向复杂地形。复杂地形具有与平坦地形截然不同的地理特征条件,地形起伏造成了流场的复杂流动,风规律特性也不尽相同,因此研究复杂地形流场分布规律对风电场微观选址、风功率预测等具有重要意义。文章首先基于OpenFOAM开源软件,搭建了复杂地形几何模型和数值模拟方法,研究分析适用于复杂地形的网格、边界条件以及湍流模型;然后,结合Askervein山地真实测量数据对比分析复杂地形数值模型的可靠性;最后,求解孤峰、台地和峰丛等典型复杂地形的流场分布,研究坡度和坡高对不同地形流场的影响。研究发现:不同地形均满足雷诺数无关性原则;在孤峰地形中,坡度越大对山体后方回流区的影响越明显;而台地地形流场受坡高变化的影响更大;峰丛地形在不同坡度和坡高情况下的流场发展情况一致,相比于坡度,其受坡高变化的影响更大。研究得到的流场特征值分布范围可为复杂地形风电场微观选址和风功率预测提供参考。With the depletion of resources in flat terrain,the site selection for wind farms is gradually shifting towards complex terrains.Complex terrain presents geographical conditions distinct from flat terrain,the undulating topography leads to intricate flow patterns,and the wind characteristics in complex terrains are also different.Therefore,studying the distribution patterns of flow fields in complex terrain is significant for micro-siting of wind farms and wind power prediction.This paper,based on the open-source software OpenFOAM,establishes geometric and numerical simulation models for complex terrain.It investigates and analyzes grids,boundary conditions,and turbulence models suitable for complex terrain.The reliability of the numerical model for complex terrain is compared and analyzed using real measurement data from the Askervein mountain.The paper solves the flow field distribution for typical complex terrains such as isolated peaks,plateaus,and peak clusters,studying the impact of slope and height on the flow fields in different terrains.The research reveals that different terrains satisfy the Reynolds number independence principle.In isolated peak topography,the influence of slope becomes more pronounced in the lee zone behind the mountain as the slope increases.Plateau terrain is more affected by changes in height.For peak cluster topography,the flow field development remains consistent under varying slopes and heights,with height having a greater impact compared to slope.The provided distribution ranges of flow field characteristic values in this paper can serve as a reference for wind farm micro-siting and wind power prediction in complex terrain.

关 键 词：数值模拟 OPENFOAM 孤峰 峰丛 风电场 

分 类 号：TK81[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]