论青年恩格斯对谢林非理性主义的批判  

On Young Engels’Criticism of Schelling’s Irrationalism

作　　者：廖兴兴 LIAO Xingxing(Department of Philosophy,Party School of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China,National Academy of Governance,Beijing,China 100091)

机构地区：[1]中共中央党校(国家行政学院)哲学教研部,北京100091

出　　处：《温州大学学报(社会科学版)》2024年第6期86-95,共10页Journal of Wenzhou University:Social Science Edition

摘　　要：青年恩格斯之所以在柏林服兵役期间发文批评晚期谢林贬低理性在哲学中的地位,将晚期谢林刻画为一名非理性主义者,既是因为革命民主主义的立场使他先入为主地站在了谢林(温和的保守主义者)的对立面,也是因为他过分抬高了黑格尔哲学并夸大了谢林哲学与黑格尔哲学之间的差异,同时还是因为晚期谢林哲学的晦涩、深奥与缺乏逻辑性。事实上,青年恩格斯和晚期谢林都坚持理性原则。两人之间的不同在于:青年恩格斯对理性原则的捍卫是结合着宗教批判一起进行的,并且内含着对保守政治势力的批判;而晚期谢林则是从理性原则出发,批评了传统理性主义未经反思的前提,重新界定了理性与宗教的关系。The reason why the young Engels wrote a paper during his military service in Berlin criticizing the later Schelling for belittling the status of reason in philosophy and portraying the later Schelling as an irrationalist lies in Engels’revolutionary democratic position,which predisposed him to oppose Schelling,a moderate conservative.Engels’criticism also stems from his tendency to overly elevate Hegelian philosophy and exaggerate the differences between Schelling’s philosophy and Hegelian philosophy,as well as from the obscure,esoteric and illogical nature of Schelling’s later philosophy.In fact,both the young Engels and the later Schelling upheld the principle of reason.The difference between them is that the young Engels’defense of the principle of reason is intertwined with his criticism of religion and conservative political forces,while later Schelling criticized the unreflected premise of traditional rationalism and redefined the relationship between reason and religion from the principle of reason.

关 键 词：青年恩格斯 晚期谢林 理性 非理性主义 批判 

分 类 号：D913.9[政治法律—民商法学]