发展中国家可再生能源融资比较研究  

Renewable Energy Financing in Developing Countries:A Comparative Study

作　　者：顾璇 吴彬[2] GU Xuan;WU Bin(The Economic and Technical Research Institute of Hunan Electric Power Company Limited;The People's Bank of China Xiangtan Branch)

机构地区：[1]国网湖南省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 [2]中国人民银行湘潭市分行

出　　处：《金融经济》2024年第12期96-104,共9页Finance Economy

摘　　要：可再生能源是全球能源转型的核心,全球气候变化、日益严重的粮食短缺和迫在眉睫的能源危机均加快了可再生能源投资与开发的进度。我国《“十四五”可再生能源发展规划》提出应“优化发展方式,大规模开发可再生能源”,并强调“完善可再生能源绿色金融体系”是可再生能源快速发展的有力保障措施。本文通过研究印度、巴西、越南、智利、南非、印度尼西亚等六个发展中国家可再生能源融资实践,比较分析其融资效果和差异成因,发现巴西和智利已建立多元融资结构和较为成熟的管理框架,可再生能源发展成效显著;印度尼西亚和越南虽有积极政策,但受市场容量和政策不确定性的影响,效果有限;印度和南非则因高融资成本、政治风险等因素,发展相对滞后。在国际比较的基础上,本文对我国发展可再生能源金融提出政策建议。Renewable energy is the core of global energy transformation.Global climate change,increasingly serious food shortage and imminent energy crisis have accelerated the progress of renewable energy investment and development.China's 14th Five-Year Plan for Renewable Energy Development calls for"optimizing the mode of development and developing renewable energy on a large scale",and stresses that"improving the green financial system for renewable energy"is a crucial safeguard for rapid development.This paper examines the renewable energy financing practices of six developing countries,including India,Brazil,Vietnam,Chile,South Africa,and Indonesia.It compares and analyzes their financing outcomes and the causes of differences,revealing that Brazil and Chile have established diversified financing structures and relatively mature management frameworks,achieving significant progress in renewable energy development.Indonesia and Vietnam,despite having proactive policies,face limitations due to market capacity and policy uncertainties.India and South Africa lag behind because of high financing costs and political risks.Based on these findings,the paper proposes policy recommendations for China's renewable energy finance development.

关 键 词：可再生能源 发展中国家 能源转型 绿色金融 

分 类 号：X382[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F832[经济管理—金融学]