柑橘轮斑病菌的生物学特性及有效防治药剂筛选  

Biological characteristics and inhibitors screening of Pseudofabraea citricarpa

作　　者：陈泉 周贤文 邓家锐 刘忠贤 徐嵩琳 敖义俊 何孙军 杨艳琼 付世军 CHEN Quan;ZHOU Xian-wen;DENG Jia-rui;LIU Zhong-xian;XU Song-lin;AO Yi-jun;HE Sun-jun;YANG Yan-qiong;FU Shi-jun(Chongqing Three Gorges Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wanzhou,Chongqing 404155,China;Chongqing Kaizhou District Agricultural Development Service Center,Kaizhou,Chongqing 405400,China;Chenggu Fruit Technology Guidance Station,Chenggu,Shaanxi 723200,China;Yiling District Agricultural Technology Promotion Center Sandouping Town Branch,Yichang,Hubei 443134,China;Chongqing Three Gorges University,Wanzhou,Chongqing 400401,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆三峡农业科学院,重庆万州404155 [2]重庆市开州区农业发展服务中心,重庆开州405400 [3]城固县果业技术指导站,陕西城固723200 [4]夷陵区农业技术推广中心三斗坪镇分中心,湖北宜昌443134 [5]重庆三峡学院,重庆万州400401

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2024年第11期2454-2462,共9页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究项目(KJ202301289858551、KJ2024012118654128);重庆市现代山地特色高效农业产业技术体系创新团队专项(CQMAITS20240507);重庆市万州区科研项目(wzstc20230201)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确不同来源的柑橘轮斑病菌(Pseudofabraea citricarpa)菌株的生物学特性差异,并筛选出有效防治药剂,为病害的精准高效防控提供数据支撑。【方法】采用生长速率法测定来自陕西、湖北、重庆的3个柑橘轮斑病菌株WZSS1、CGDS2、YLSDP80的最适生长温度、pH、培养基、碳源、氮源等生物学特性,并测定24种杀菌剂对其的室内毒力。【结果】3个柑橘轮斑病菌株在0~30℃均可生长,最适温度范围为15~20℃,当温度达到35℃时3个菌株的菌丝均不生长;3个菌株的菌丝在pH 4~11范围内均能生长,其中,最适宜WZSS1、CGDS2、YLSDP80菌株生长的pH分别为4、5、6;当pH为12时,3个菌株均无法生长;在供试培养基中,3个菌株在Czapek’s培养基上菌落直径均最大、菌落松散,在同一培养基上,CGDS2的菌落直径和生长速率最低,WZSS1最高;WZSS1、CGDS2、YLSDP80的最适碳源分别为蔗糖、可溶性淀粉、葡萄糖,YLSDP80可在果糖为碳源的培养基上生长,菌落直径为20.67 mm,而另外2个菌株则不能;除碳酸铵外,3个菌株均可在其余氮源上生长,尿素抑制WZSS1和CGDS2菌丝生长,硫酸铵抑制YLSDP80菌丝生长;不同药剂对3个菌株的抑制作用存在明显差异,10%苯醚甲环唑、25%咪鲜胺、43%戊唑醇对3个菌株均有良好抑制作用,EC_(50)值均在0.30μg/mL以下,但50%多菌灵和2%春雷霉素对WZSS1、22.5%啶氧菌酯对CGDS2、3%中生菌素对YLSDP80菌丝生长的抑制效果差,EC_(50)值最高达到378.58μg/mL。【结论】柑橘轮斑病菌株适宜在温度为15~20℃,pH 5,可溶性淀粉、蔗糖为碳源,谷氨酰胺、脯氨酸、氯化铵为氮源的培养环境下生长。10%苯醚甲环唑、25%咪鲜胺、43%戊唑醇对3个菌株菌丝生长的抑制效果明显,是防治柑橘轮斑病的潜力药剂。【Objective】The paper aimed to clarify the biological characteristics of different strains of Pseudofabraea citricarpa from different districts, and screen effective control agents to provide data support for precise and efficient prevention and control of this diseases.【Method】The growth rate method was used to determine the biological characteristics including the optimal growth temperature, pH value, culture medium, carbon source, nitrogen source of 3 strains of P.citricarpa from Shaanxi, Hubei and Chongqing, which were separately named WZSS1,CGDS2 and YLSDP80.The indoor toxicity of 24 fungicides for 3 strains of P.citricarpa was also measured.【Result】Three strains of P.citricarpa all could grow at temperature ranging from 0 to 30 ℃,and with the fastest growth occurring between 15-20 ℃.When the temperature reached 35 ℃,the mycelium of 3 strains all could not grow.The mycelium of three strains could grow within the pH range of 4-11.Among them, the pH values most suitable for the growth of WZSS1,CGDS2,and YLSDP80 strains were 4,5 and 6,respectively.When the pH value reached 12,all three strains could not grow.In the tested culture medium, all three strains had the largest colony diameter and loose colonies on Czapek's medium.On the same culture medium, CGDS2 had the lowest colony diameter and growth rate, while WZSS1 had the highest.The optimal carbon sources for WZSS1,CGDS2 and YLSDP80 were sucrose, soluble starch and glucose, respectively.When the carbon source was fructose, YLSDP80 strain could grow normally, and the colony diameter was 20.67 mm, while WZSS1 and CGDS2 strains could not.Except for ammonium carbonate, three strains could grow on other 14 nitrogen sources.Urea significantly inhibited the growth of WZSS1 and CGDS2,while ammonium sulfate inhibited the mycelial growth of YLSDP80.There were significant differences in the inhibitory effects of different pesticides on three strains of P.citricarpa.Among them, 10% feniconazole, 25% prochloraz, 43% tebuconazole all showed good inhibitor

关 键 词：柑橘轮斑病 菌丝生长 生物学特性 药剂筛选 

分 类 号：S436.66[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]