毛乌素沙地典型植被对地下水循环过程的调控  

Regulation to surface water resources recycling by typical vegetation reconstruction in the Mu Us Sandy Land

作　　者：张帆 辛智鸣 杨文斌 何亮 程一本 刘国华 常佩静 Zhang Fan;Xin Zhiming;Yang Wenbin;He Liang;Cheng Yiben;Liu Guohua;Chang Peijing(School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Experimental Center of Desert Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Dengkou 015200,Inner Mongolia,China;China National Sand Control and Desert Industry,Beijing 100714,China;Nailin State Sand Control Forest Farm,Naiman Banner 028300,Inner Mongolia,China;Alxa League Climate Ecological Environment Assessment Center,Alxa Left Banner 750300,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [2]中国林业科学院沙漠林业实验中心,内蒙古磴口015200 [3]中国治沙暨沙业学会,北京100714 [4]通辽市奈曼旗奈林国有治沙林场,内蒙古奈曼旗028300 [5]阿拉善盟气候生态环境评估中心,内蒙古阿拉善左旗750300

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2025年第1期63-74,共12页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFF130420103,2023YFF1305201);北京林业大学热点追踪项目(2023BLRD04);国家自然科学基金项目(U2243202);阿拉善盟科技计划项目(AMKJ2023-17)。

摘　　要：深层渗漏是降雨补给地下水的重要途径,维系了沙地地下水资源的可持续利用,为半干旱沙区生态系统提供水文效益。以原位观测的形式对毛乌素沙地的流动沙地、典型植被樟子松(Pinus sylvestrix var. mongolica)固沙林和沙柳(Salix psammophila)固沙林开展研究。利用深层渗漏记录仪和土壤水分监测设备开展连续3年的深层渗漏量和土壤水分监测。采用相对可利用土壤水指数(RESW)、水量平衡方程等研究了固沙植被对土壤水分和深层渗漏的影响。结果表明,流动沙地深层渗漏的发生与大于10 mm的降雨量密切相关,与年降雨量无关。植被覆盖度增加和乔木树种的选择显著地减少了深层渗漏量。流动沙地的RESW均高于沙柳和樟子松固沙林。沙柳固沙林浅层(0~80 cm)RESW低于樟子松固沙林,但沙柳固沙林深层(80~200 cm)RESW高于樟子松固沙林。植被冠幅和根系分布是阻断降雨渗漏的关键因子,应根据冠幅和根系范围来确定固沙树种的最大种植密度。Deep percolation is a crucial pathway for rainfall recharge to groundwater,supporting the sustainable use of groundwater resources in sandy areas and providing significant hydrological benefits to the semi-arid san-dy ecosystem.This study conducted in-situ observations in the Mu Us Sandy Land,focusing on mobile sandy land,Mongolian Scots pine(Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica)stabilized sandy land,and sand willow(Salix psammophila)stabilized sandy land.Continuous three-year monitoring of deep percolation volume and soil mois-ture was carried out using deep percolation recorders and soil moisture monitoring equipment.Methods such as the relative extractable soil water index(RESw)and water balance equation were used to study the impact of sand-stabilizing vegetation on soil moisture and deep percolation.The results showed that deep percolation in mo-bile sandy land was closely related to rainfall events exceeding 10 mm,but not to the annual total rainfall.In-creasing vegetation cover and selecting tree species significantly reduced deep percolation volume.The RESW of mobile sandy land was significantly higher than that of sand willow and Mongolian Scots pine stabilized sandy lands.The shallow layer(O-80 cm)RESW of the sand willow stabilized sandy land was significantly lower than that of the Mongolian Scots pine stabilized sandy land,while the deep layer(80-200 cm)RESW of the sand wil-low stabilized sandy land was significantly higher than that of the Mongolian Scots pine stabilized sandy land.Canopy cover and root distribution were key factors in blocking rainfall percolation,and maximum planting den-sity should be determined based on canopy cover and root range.

关 键 词：固沙植被 深层渗漏记录仪 深层渗漏 相对可利用土壤水指数 植被恢复 

分 类 号：S728.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]