覆膜农田及邻近草地风蚀物中微塑料富集特征  

Enrichment characteristics of microplastics in wind-eroded soils of mulched farmland and the adjacent grassland

作　　者：姜春龙 姜宏烨 代琳玥 陈晨[1] 赵晨雨 郭中领[1,2] 李继峰[1] 李慧茹 邹学勇[3] 王仁德[4] 李庆[4] 周娜[5] 苑依笑 常春平[1,2] Jiang Chunlong;Jiang Hongye;Dai Linyue;Chen Chen;Zhao Chenyu;Guo Zhongling;Li Jifeng;Li Huiru;Zou Xueyong;Wang Rende;Li Qing;Zhou Na;Yuan Yixiao;Chang Chunping(College of Geographical Sciences,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050024,China;Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Evolution and Ecological Construction,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050024,China;Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Institute of Geographical Sciences/Hebei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Geographical Information Development and Application,Hebei Academy of Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050011,China;Hebei University of Economics and Business,Shijiazhuang 050061,China)

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学地理科学学院,河北石家庄050024 [2]河北师范大学河北省环境演变与生态建设省级重点实验室,河北石家庄050024 [3]北京师范大学,北京100875 [4]河北省科学院地理科学研究所/河北省地理信息开发应用工程技术研究中心,河北石家庄050011 [5]河北经贸大学,河北石家庄050061

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2025年第1期94-102,共9页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(42271002);京津冀典型风沙源区土壤风蚀机理研究项目(2023-64)。

摘　　要：微塑料(MPs)污染已成为全球性环境问题。不同地表类型的风蚀物中MPs的富集特征不同。本研究在中国北方农牧交错带中部地区对覆膜农田与相邻草地的风蚀物MPs的富集现象进行了观测。结果表明:(1)纤维、碎片和薄膜是研究区农田和草地土壤及风蚀物中MPs的主要形态,草地风蚀物中MPs的富集量略高于覆膜农田,覆膜农田风蚀物中MPs的富集比(ER)为0~151.46,平均19.82;草地MPs的ER为0~150.99,平均27.28。纤维形态的MPs因更易受到风蚀作用而更倾向于被搬运,小尺寸MPs更容易富集。(2)外源MPs的输入可能是覆膜农田土壤及其相邻草地中MPs的主要来源,且覆膜农田是相邻草地中MPs的潜在来源,进而使整个区域成为MPs大气传输排放源。本研究凸显了MPs通过风传播途径进入大气的重要性,阐明了MPs大气传输的潜在来源。这对未来评估MPs的环境行为和生态风险具有重要的意义。Microplastic(MPs)pollution has become a global environmental issue.The enrichment characteris-tics of MPs in wind-eroded materials vary with different surface types.This study observed the enrichment phe-nomenon of MPs in wind-eroded materials from mulched farmland and adjacent grassland in the central part of the agricultural-pastoral transitional zone in northern China,and concluded the following:(1)Fibers,frag-ments,and films are the main forms of MPs in the soil and wind-eroded materials of farmland and grassland in the study area.The enrichment amount of MPs in grassland wind-eroded materials is slightly higher than that in mulched farmland.The enrichment ratio(ER)of MPs in the wind-eroded materials of mulched farmland ranges from 0 to 151.46(average value 19.82),while the ER of MPs in grassland is between 0 and 150.99(average val-ue 27.28).Fiber-shaped MPs are more prone to be transported due to their susceptibility to wind erosion,and smaller-sized MPs are more likely to be enriched.(2)The input of exogenous MPs may be the main sources of MPs in the soil and adjacent grassland of mulched farmland,and mulched farmland is a potential source of MPs in adjacent grassland,thereby making the entire area a potential source of atmospheric emission of MPs.This study highlights the importance of MPs entering the atmosphere through the wind transmission pathway and clari-fies the potential sources of atmospheric transmission of MPs.This is of great significance for future assessments of the environmental behavior and ecological risks of MPs.

关 键 词：微塑料(MPs) 富集比 风蚀事件 覆膜农田 草地 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学]