沙漠大型光伏电站对固沙植物表型及生物量分配的影响  

Impacts of large-scale desert photovoltaic power stations on the phenotype and biomass distribution characteristics of sand-fixing plants

作　　者：杨奕颖 苏思霖 曹恩志 李红有 迟洪明 蔺凯 吴旭东 何文强 杨昊天 Yang Yiying;Su Silin;Cao Enzhi;Li Hongyou;Chi Hongming;Lin Kai;Wu Xudong;He Wenqiang;Yang Haotian(Longyuan(Beijing)Solar Technology Co.,LTD,Beijing 100000,China;Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands/Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Ningxia Longyuan New Energy Co.,LTD,Yinchuan 750002,China;Institute of Forestry and Grassland Ecology,Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,China)

机构地区：[1]龙源(北京)太阳能技术有限公司,北京100000 [2]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院干旱区生态安全与可持续发展重点实验室/沙坡头沙漠研究试验站,甘肃兰州730000 [3]宁夏龙源新能源有限公司,宁夏银川750002 [4]宁夏农林科学院林业与草地生态研究所,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2025年第1期162-172,共11页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2023BCF01019);龙源电力集团股份有限公司科技项目(LYH-2021-04);内蒙古自治区“揭榜挂帅”项目(2024JBGS0003-1);黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展联合研究一期项目(2022-YRUC-01-0102)。

摘　　要：表型可塑性是植物适应环境变化的重要机制,此机制在沙漠大型光伏电站的表现尚不清楚。本研究通过调查腾格里沙漠东南缘大型光伏电站光伏板下和板间固沙植物形态、生物量及其分配揭示固沙植物对光伏电站的适应机制。结果表明:生态修复实施后,光伏阵列显著改变了固沙植物个体表型,与板间相比,板下植物株高、根长、地径、地上生物量和地下生物量均显著降低,且在板间(下)空间上也存在不同程度差异。光伏板间更有利于固沙植物生长。光伏板下雨线附近的根冠比显著低于光伏板间,这是固沙植物适应光伏电站水光资源再分配的重要机制,符合最优分配假说。光伏阵列显著改变了植物群落特征的空间分布,与光伏板间相比,板下物种丰富度、多样性、植被覆盖度和密度均显著降低。光伏阵列改变了植物群落特征与生物量及其分配特征的关系,固沙植被生物量及其分配也受植物群落特征如物种丰富度和植物密度的调控。光伏阵列通过改变光照和微气候等环境条件,显著影响了固沙植物的生长和分布模式。Phenotypic plasticity is a crucial mechanism for plants to adapt to environmental changes.However,its spatial adaptation to large-scale desert photovoltaic power stations remains poorly understood.This study in-vestigated the sand-fixing plants at different positions under and between the photovoltaic panels of large-scale photovoltaic power stations in the southeastern edge of Tengger Desert.It revealed the adaptation mechanisms of sand-fixing plants to photovoltaic power stations from the perspectives of morphology,biomass,and distribu-tion.After implementing ecological restoration,the photovoltaic array significantly altered the individual pheno-types of sand-fixing plants.Plant height,root length,ground diameter,above-ground and below-groundbiomass were significantly reduced under panel compared with inter-panel spaces.There were also varying degrees of dif-ferences in inter-panel(lower)spaces.Photovoltaic panels are more conducive to the growth of sand-fixing plants.The root-shoot ratio(R/S)near the rain line of photovoltaic panels is significantly lower than that be-tween them;this serves as an important mechanism for sand fixation plants to adapt to water and light resource redistribution within photovoltaic power stations while conforming to optimal allocation hypothesis.Photovoltaic arrays significantly changed the spatial distribution characteristics of plant communities;species richness,diver-sity,vegetation coverage,and density were all significantly reduced under PV panels compared with those be-tween them.Photovoltaic arrays also influenced relationships between plant community characteristics and bio-mass as well as R/S;species richness and plant density regulated both biomass and distribution patterns in sand-fixing vegetation.By modifying environmental conditions such as light and microclimate,photovoltaic arrays ex-ert a significant influence on the growth and R/S of sand-fixing plants.These research findings can serve as a cru-cial theoretical foundation for promoting sustainable development in

关 键 词：沙漠大型光伏基地 生态修复 根冠比 最优分配假说 植物形态 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]