巴丹吉林沙漠及周边地区光伏电站适宜性分区与生态建设建议  

Suitability zoning and ecological construction of photovoltaic power plants in Badain Jaran Desert and neighboring areas

作　　者：王云正 王伊蒙 刘建国 尚小伟 李敏岚 柳本立 Wang Yunzheng;Wang Yimeng;Liu Jianguo;Shang Xiaowei;Li Minlan;Liu Benli(Northwest Electric Power Design Institute CO.,LTD.of China Power Engineering Consulting Group,Xi'an 710075,China;Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands/Dunhuang Gobi Desrt Ecology and Environmental Research Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电力工程顾问集团西北电力设计院有限公司,陕西西安710075 [2]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院干旱区生态安全与可持续发展重点实验室/敦煌戈壁荒漠生态与环境研究站,甘肃兰州730000 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2025年第1期173-184,共12页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：中国电力工程顾问集团西北电力设计院项目(HQ2023PTD003);中国科学院青年创新促进会优秀会员项目(Y202085)。

摘　　要：中国沙漠地区是光伏产业发展的重要区域,将光伏电站建设与生态环境恢复相结合是当前沙区经济产业发展的必然要求,在前期的选址规划即需要予以重视。较为全面地考虑环境要素,有助于有针对性地对沙漠区域开展分区规划,实施精准有效的生态建设工作。本文以巴丹吉林沙漠及周边地区为研究区,在传统光伏电站选址制约因素基础上,增加影响生态建设的环境限制因素,将该区域按照光伏电站建设适宜性划分为4个一级分区,并进一步根据地形、降水等要素划分8个亚区,提出了各亚区对应的生态建设对策。年降水量不足50 mm的地区生态建设以防风固沙效能为主,而年降水量为50~200 mm的地区可兼顾防风固沙效能以及生态恢复效能。戈壁地区建设时需注意对砾石地表的保护,沙漠地区则需注意风沙灾害防治。China's desert area is critical for the current and future development of the photovoltaic sector.Com-bining the construction of photovoltaic power stations with ecological environment repair is an essential prerequi-site for the development of the desert-based economy,which must be considered from the basic site selection planning stage.A more comprehensive consideration of environmental factors can help carry out targeted zoning planning for desert areas and implement precise and effective ecological construction work.This paper takes the Badain Jaran Desert and the surrounding desert area as the study area,and adds the environmental constraints af-fecting the later ecological construction on the basis of the original constraints on photovoltaic power plant siting.It divides the region into four first-level subdivisions according to the suitability for photovoltaic power station construction and further subdivides them into eight sub-zones based on elements such as topography and precipi-tation.It also puts forward the countermeasures for the ecological construction corresponding to each sub-zone.The ecological construction in areas with less than 50 mm of annual precipitation mainly focuses on the effective-ness of windbreaks and sand fixation,while areas with 50~200 mm of precipitation should have both windbreak and sand fixation as well as ecological restoration effectiveness.In the gobi region,attention should be paid to the protection of the gravel surface,and in the desert region,attention should be paid to the prevention and con-trol of wind and sand hazards.

关 键 词：太阳能光伏电站 生态建设模式 沙漠生态系统 适宜性选址 

分 类 号：S214[农业科学—农业机械化工程]