共和盆地沙地空间分布格局变化特征  

Change characteristics of spatial distribution pattern of sandy land in Gonghe Basin

作　　者：高娜 胡光印 董治宝 Gao Na;Hu Guangyin;Dong Zhibao(School of Geography and Tourism,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710119,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,陕西西安710119

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2025年第1期204-214,共11页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42071004);陕西省2021年自然科学基础研究计划(定向委托)项目(2021JCW-17);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0403)。

摘　　要：沙地空间分布格局是沙物质经流水作用汇聚后,受到风力长期侵蚀、搬运、堆积的结果。为了采用定量化的方式度量沙地空间分布格局并分析其变化特征,本研究选取青藏高原东北部的共和盆地作为研究区,基于1980-2020年土地利用数据,采用地理重心模型,并提出了迁移度模型,计算沙地重心和迁移度,分析了共和盆地的沙地空间分布格局变化特征。结果表明:共和盆地的沙地迁移距离自西北向东南递减,其中沙珠玉河流域最大,为43.43 km;沙珠玉河流域与龙羊峡西侧流域组成的区域次之,为39.93 km;沙珠玉河流域、龙羊峡西侧流域与龙羊峡东侧流域组成的区域略小,为31.88 km;龙羊峡东侧流域最小,为5.74 km。整个盆地沙地迁移方向主要为东南向(99.46°~126.80°)。迁移度在盆地内呈现出西北向东南递减的趋势,沙珠玉河流域为0.83,沙珠玉河流域与龙羊峡西侧流域组成的区域为0.61,沙珠玉河流域、龙羊峡西侧流域与龙羊峡东侧流域组成的区域为0.30,龙羊峡东侧流域为0.15。共和盆地沙地空间分布格局随时间的变化趋势不明显,沙地空间分布格局作为区域环境因素长期作用的结果具有一定的稳定性。The spatial distribution pattern of sandy land is the result of long-term erosion,transport and accumu-lation by wind after the sediment sinks by the action of running water.To quantitatively assess the spatial distribu-tion pattern of sandy land and analyze its change characteristics,we selected Gonghe Basin,located in the north-eastern Tibetan Plateau,as the study area.Utilizing landuse data from 1980 to 2020,this study adopted the geo-graphical barycenter model and introduced the Migration Intensity Model to calculate the barycenter and migra-tion intensity of sandy land,enabling an analysis of change characteristics of spatial distribution pattern of sandy land in the Gonghe Basin.The main conclusions are as follows:The migration distance of sandy land in the Gonghe Basin decreases from northwest to southeast.The Shazhuyu River Basin has the greatest distance at 43.43 km,followed by the combined area of the Shazhuyu River Basin and the western Longyangxia Basin at 39.93 km.The area including the Shazhuyu River Basin,western,and eastern Longyangxia Basin has a smaller distance of 31.88 km,with the smallest distance of 5.74 km in the eastern Longyangxia Basin.The predominant migration direction of sandy land throughout the basin is toward the southeast(99.46°-126.80°).The migration intensity in the basin decreases from northwest to southeast,with values of 0.83 in the Shazhuyu River Basin,0.61 in the combined Shazhuyu River and western Longyangxia basins,0.30 in the Shazhuyu River,western and eastern Longyangxia basins,and 0.15 in the eastern Longyangxia basin.The analysis reveals that the spatial dis-tribution pattern of sandy land in the Gonghe Basin exhibits limited temporal variation,indicating a relative sta-bility shaped by the long-term influence of regional environmental factors.

关 键 词：空间分布格局 迁移度 地理重心 沙地 共和盆地 

分 类 号：P931.3[天文地球—自然地理学]