扩张间隙分布对压气机性能及流场结构的作用机理研究  

Research on the mechanism of the effect of expansion clearance distribution on compressor performance and flow field structure

作　　者：吴永惠 张成烽 丁冠东 WU Yonghui;ZHANG Chengfeng;DING Guandong(AECC Shenyang Engine Research Institute,Shenyang 110015,China;AECC GT,Shenyang 110168,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航发沈阳发动机研究所,沈阳110015 [2]中国航发燃气轮机有限公司,沈阳110168

出　　处：《流体机械》2025年第1期41-50,共10页Fluid Machinery

基　　金：翼型、叶栅空气动力学国家重点实验室开放基金项目(614220121050125)。

摘　　要：为了探究非平行式转子叶尖间隙结构对压气机性能的影响,首先研究不同转子叶尖间隙值对压气机性能及流场结构的影响,得到较优间隙值,然后在设计间隙值和较优间隙值的基础上进行改型,提出3种扩张间隙分布方案,以及扩张间隙分布对压气机性能及流场结构的作用机理。结果表明,当转子叶尖间隙为0.5τ时,压气机的稳定裕度改进量较大,在近失速点压气机性能较优越,近失速点的流场结构相对较好,故0.5τ方案(P2)为较优间隙值;若将平行间隙分布P2改为扩张间隙分布D1,D2和D3方案后,转子压力面附近低能流体涡团得到抑制,吸力面尾缘附近低速区也得到了进一步吹除,径向潜流所带来的负面影响被进一步削弱;相比P2方案,D1,D2和D3方案在98%叶高处的增压比分别提高了1.6%,1.9%和2.4%,流量拓宽比分别增加了3.18%,8.56%和6.20%,稳定裕度改进量分别提高了0.59%,1.45%,1.55%,峰值效率改进量基本相差不大。研究结果可为叶尖间隙的优化改进提供理论依据。To investigate the influence of a non-parallel rotor blade tip clearance structure on a compressor,this paper studies the effects of different rotor blade tip clearance values on compressor performance and flow field structure and identifies the optimal clearance value.Based on the design clearance value and the optimal clearance value,three expansion clearance distribution schemes were proposed to analyze their effects on compressor performance and flow field structure.The research results indicate that when the rotor tip clearance is set to 0.5τ,the stability margin improvement of the compressor is relatively large,and the performance of the compressor is superior near the stall point.The flow field structure near the stall point is relatively good,and 0.5τclearance(P2)is considered the optimal clearance value.If the parallel gap distribution is changed to the expansion gap distribution D1,D2 and D3 schemes,the low-energy fluid vortex near the rotor pressure surface is significantly weakened.For the low-speed zone near the trailing edge of the blades,it is further blown away,improving the flow structure and increasing the stall margin.Compared with the baseline scheme,the D1,D2 and D3 schemes improve the stall margin by 1.6%,1.9%and 2.4%,respectively.The total pressure ratio and efficiency stability margins are improved by 3.18%,8.56%and 6.20%,respectively.The stability margin improvement rate is increased by 0.59%,1.45%and 1.55%,respectively.The results provide insights into optimizing the clearance distribution structure for axial flow compressors.

关 键 词：叶尖间隙分布 轴流压气机 间隙流动控制 压气机性能 

分 类 号：TH45[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TK221[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]