2016—2022年石家庄市农田土壤铬污染变化及健康风险  

Changes in chromium pollution in farmland soil and health risk in Shijiazhuang,China,2016—2022

作　　者：武瑞婷 牛玉杰[3,4] 范尉尉 陈凤格[1,5,6] WU Rui-ting;NIU Yu-jie;FAN Wei-wei;CHEN Feng-ge(Public Health Monitoring and Evaluation Institute,Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shijiazhuang 050011,China;Xinjiang University of Science and Technology,Medical College,Korla 841000,China;Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health,Hebei Medical University;Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health,School of Public Health,Hebei Medical University;Research Base for Environment and Health in Shijiazhuang,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention;Hebei Key Laboratory of Intractable Pathogens)

机构地区：[1]石家庄市疾病预防控制中心公共卫生监测与评价所,石家庄050011 [2]新疆科技学院医学院,库尔勒841000 [3]河北医科大学劳动卫生与环境卫生学教研室 [4]河北省环境与人群健康重点实验室 [5]中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康研究基地(石家庄) [6]河北省疑难病原研究重点实验室

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2025年第2期136-142,共7页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

摘　　要：目的 明确石家庄市2016-2022年农村农田土壤铬污染情况以及评估对人群健康的潜在健康风险。方法 选择无极、赞皇、鹿泉、栾城、藁城、正定六个项目县(区)开展农田土壤重金属铬监测项目,每个县每年采集20份样本,利用地累积指数法、潜在生态风险指数法和健康风险评价模型进行评估。结果 石家庄各项目县土壤中铬均值均未超出标准限值;土壤中铬总体均数从2016年的29.94 mg/kg增加到2022年的51.45 mg/kg,共增加了40.66 mg/kg,总体有上升趋势且差异具有统计学意义(Z=2.28,P=0.023)。地累积指数污染级别从高到低依次为:无极>赞皇>鹿泉>栾城。潜在生态风险远低于风险值,生态风险可忽略不计;非致癌风险结果显示:儿童非致癌风险均要高于成人且差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.001);其中经口摄入>皮肤接触>呼吸吸入,且三种暴露途径在儿童和成人之间的差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.001)。致癌风险结果显示:成人通过呼吸吸入重金属铬的致癌风险大于对儿童的风险,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论 六个项目县中,正定、赞皇和鹿泉农田土壤中铬含量有逐年上升趋势,但整体污染程度较轻,对人体的非致癌风险超过了阈值而致癌风险在可接受范围内。Objective To determine the level of chromium pollution in rural farmland soil in Shijiazhuang,China from 2016 to 2022 and evaluate the potential health risks to the population.Methods Six project counties/districts including Wuji county,Zanhuang county,Luquan district,Luancheng district,Gaocheng district,and Zhengding county were selected,and 20 samples were collected each year from each county.The chromium content in the soil was evaluated using the geoaccumulation index,potential ecological risk index,and health risk assessment model.Results The mean chromium content in the soil of each project county in Shijiazhuang did not exceed the standard limit.The overall mean chromium content in the soil significantly increased from 29.94 mg/kg in 2016 to 51.45 mg/kg in 2022,with a total increase of 40.66 mg/kg(Z=2.28,P=0.023).The pollution levels indicated by the geoaccumulation index from high to low were Wuji county>Zanhuang county>Luquan district>Luancheng district.The potential ecological risk was much lower than the risk value,indicating that the ecological risk was negligible.The result of non-carcinogenic risk analysis showed that the non-carcinogenic risk in children was significantly higher than that in adults(P<0.001);the route of exposure at the higher risk was oral intake,followed by skin contact and respiratory inhalation,and the difference in the three routes of exposure was statistically significant between children and adults(P<0.001).The total non-carcinogenic risks of chromium in the soil in the six project counties from high to low were Wuji county>Zanhuang county>Luquan district>Luancheng district>Gaocheng district>Zhengding county.The carcinogenic risk analysis result showed that the carcinogenic risk of inhalation of heavy metal chromium by breathing in adults was significantly greater than that in children(P<0.01).Conclusion Among the six project counties,the chromium content in farmland soil in Zhengding county,Zanhuang county,and Luquan district is increasing year by year,but the overall pollut

关 键 词：农田土壤 铬 潜在生态风险 健康风险评估 

分 类 号：R124[医药卫生—环境卫生学]