区域发展差异与宅基地制度改革路径探究  

The exploration of regional development disparities and reform paths of the homestead system

作　　者：吕萍[1] 孙心蕊 丁新怡 邱骏 L Ping;SUN Xinrui;DING Xinyi;QIU Jun(School of Public Administration and Policy,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学公共管理学院,北京100872

出　　处：《土地经济研究》2024年第1期77-98,共22页Journal of Land Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“区域协同发展背景下京津冀住房市场跨域治理模式研究”(编号:72274207);农业农村部课题“农村宅基地两项试点第三方评估”(2023)。

摘　　要：本文以经济发展与人口流动情况为切入点,将第二轮宅基地制度改革试点地区划分为人口净流入—经济发达地区、人口净流入—经济较发达地区、人口净流出—经济较发达地区、人口净流出—经济不发达地区四类地区,并利用各地公开的制度规定、媒体宣传报道和相关研究文献等信息和资料,尝试总结不同类型试点地区围绕宅基地“三权分置”九项制度探索的实际情况及其改革共性与特性。研究发现,不同地区在改革进程和改革举措上均表现出明显的差异性,并与其当地发展密切相关。为适应我国复杂多样的农村现状、实现宅基地制度改革的目标,本文提出:第一,因地制宜,深化改革,改革应结合当地发展条件设定侧重点,确保更加精准地响应各地实际需求;第二,守住底线,勇于探索,对于不同类型试点地区改革中的问题和创新举措,要认真总结和深入研究,为全面推进宅基地制度改革提供更多理论和实践支持;第三,深化总结,创新提升,进一步深化和完善改革举措,通过多样化的试点探索和创新,适应中国农村发展的复杂性。This paper takes economic development and population mobility as the entry point to categorize the pilot areas of the second round of homestead system reform into four groups:highly economically developed cities with net population inflow,moderately economically developed cities with net population inflow,moderately economically developed cities with net population outflow,and low economically developed cities with net population outflow.By utilizing publicly available regulatory documents,media reports,and relevant research literature,this paper attempts to summarize the actual situation and the commonalities and characteristics of the reforms in different types of pilot areas related to the exploration of the nine systems of the“three-rights separation”of homestead.This paper finds that the homestead system reform in various areas exhibits significant differences in reform processes and initiatives,which are closely related to their local development.To accommodate China's complex and diverse rural situation and achieve the goals of homestead system reform,this paper proposes:firstly,the reforms should be aligned with local development conditions to set the focus of the reform,ensuring that the homestead system reform more accurately responds to the actual needs of the local community;secondly,the problems and innovations in the reform of different types of pilot areas should be thoroughly summarized and studied in depth,thereby providing more theoretical and practical support for the comprehensive advancement of the homestead system reform;thirdly,efforts to strengthen and improve the pilot reforms should continue,thereby adapting to the complex diversity of China's rural development through diversified pilot explorations and innovation.

关 键 词：宅基地制度改革 区域差异 改革重点 改革进程 

分 类 号：F32[经济管理—产业经济]