平价难供应:战时医疗药品经理委员会及其普通药品的经销困境(1939—1949)  

Affordable Supply Difficulties:The Wartime Medical Drug Management Committee and Its Distribution Dilemma of Common Medicines(1939-1949)

作　　者：姬凌辉 JI Linghui(College of History,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学历史学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《宁波大学学报(人文科学版)》2025年第1期85-101,共17页Journal of Ningbo University:Liberal Arts Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金中国历史研究院重大历史问题研究专项“面向中国自主知识体系构建的中医学史研究”(24VLS013);浙江大学文科青峰计划资助项目“国联与近代中国卫生技术合作研究(1919—1946)”(S20240042)。

摘　　要：全面抗战时期国民政府不得不从“内”与“外”两种途径来应对国内药荒,其中药经会主要负责普通医疗药品的供销工作。透过药经会成立后的购药困境与经费纾解、国民政府打击囤私与药经会逐年变价、战时药品多种渠道的供应与战后药经会的改组等历史面相,基本可以认为全面抗战时期国民政府在医疗药品的供应问题上占据了主导地位,而药经会负责的普通医疗药品供销工作亦是战时医疗卫生体系的重要组成部分。在平价与市价、加价与减价之间,药经会遭遇了诸多困境与两难,其根源在于政治与市场的复杂互动关系,表现为从“临时”到“长效”、化“非法”为“合法”、改“战时”为“平时”的显著历史特征。In the period of Anti-Japanese War,the national government had to deal with the domestic medicine shortage through both internal and external channels.The Pharmaceutical Association was mainly responsible for the supply and marketing of common medical drugs.By examining the procurement difficulties and funding relief of the wartime Medical Drug Management Committee,the crackdown on illegal hoarding and illicit sales and the annual price increase,the interaction of various supply channels during the war and the reorganization of the wartime drug Management Committee after the war,it can be generally concluded that the national government played a dominant role in the supply of medical drugs during the full-scale Anti-Japanese War.The supply and marketing of general medical drugs managed by the Pharmaceutical Association was also a crucial part of the wartime healthcare system.Between affordable prices and market prices,prices increases and reductions,the Pharmaceutical Association encountered numerous difficulties and dilemmas.The root cause lies in the complex interplay between politics and markets,manifesting in the significant historical characteristics from temporary to long-term,from illegal practices to legal ones,and from wartime measures to peacetime operations.

关 键 词：战时医疗药品经理委员会 购运 药品 平价 市价 

分 类 号：K26[历史地理—历史学]