贵州省草原植物种类调查及其应用价值分析  

Investigation and Analysis of Application Value of Grassland Plant Species in Guizhou Province

作　　者：周文凯 胡绍坤 姚敦菊 李识君 赵学春 金宝成 李中才 Zhou Wenkai;Hu Shaokun;Yao Dunju;Li Shijun;Zhao Xuechun;Jin Baocheng;Li Zhongcai(College of Animal Science,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China;Agriculture and Rural Comprehensive Service Center of Tianba Township,Qujing 654219,Yunnan,China;Guizhou Institute of Natural Resources Survey and Planning,Guiyang 550004,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学动物科学学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]云南省会泽县田坝乡农业农村综合服务中心,云南曲靖654219 [3]贵州省自然资源勘测规划研究院,贵州贵阳550004

出　　处：《山地农业生物学报》2025年第1期85-92,共8页Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology

基　　金：贵州大学大学生“SRT计划”项目(贵大SRT字[2022]078)。

摘　　要：本研究通过对贵州省305个草原样地进行野外植物群落调查和物种鉴定,利用《中国植物志》《中国药用植物》《贵州植物志》、植物物种信息系统(http://www.iplant.cn)及相关资料和工具对每种草原植物进行应用价值分析。结果表明:本研究共调查到贵州省草原植物132科535属986种,其中,菊科、禾本科和豆科的物种总数最多,为优势科,属数>20的大型科有菊科、禾本科、豆科和唇形科4科,有植物190属352种;10~20属的中型科有蔷薇科、伞形科、玄参科、大戟科和茜草科5科,有植物64属130种;5~9属的小型科有莎草科、百合科、锦葵科、旋花科、毛茛科等17科,有植物104属205种;2~4属的微型科有桦木科、壳斗科、乌毛蕨科、野牡丹科、萝藦科等44科,有植物115属187种;单属的科有凤尾蕨科、薯蓣科、藤黄科、败酱科、冬青科等62科,有植物62属112种。986种草原植物中具有应用价值的共有129科512属939种,其中药用植物最多,有119科428属717种;观赏植物、工业用植物和食用植物的物种总数接近,分别有194、181和180种;饲用植物有26科98属140种,生态植物有25科61属71种。本研究可为贵州省草原植物的开发利用和生态保护提供理论依据和数据支撑。A comprehensive investigation of grassland plant communities was conducted across 305 sample plots in Guizhou Province,accompanied by species identification.Resources including Flora of China,Medicinal Plants of China,Flora of Guizhou,and the Plant Species Information System(http://www.iplant.cn) were utilized to analyze the application potential of these plants.The study identified 986 plant species spanning 132 families and 535 genera.Compositae,Gramineae,and Leguminosae were dominant families with the highest species counts.Large families with more than 20 genera included Compositae,Gramineae,Leguminosae,and Labiatae,encompassing 190 genera and 352 species.Medium-sized families(10~20 genera) comprised five families such as Rosaceae,Umbelliferae,Scrophulariaceae,Euphorbiaceae and Rubiaceae,with 64 genera and 130 species.Small families(5~9 genera) included 17 families,including Cyperaceae,Liliaceae,Malvaceae,Convolvulaceae and Ranunculaceae,comprising 104 genera and 205 species.Families with 2~4 genera accounted for 44 families including Betulaceae,Fagaceae,Asclepiadaceae,Melastomastaceae,and Asclepiadaceae,totaling 115 genera and 187 species.Lastly,62 families were represented by a single genus,including Pteridaceae,Dioscoreaceae,Garcinaceae,Patrinaceae,and Ilex,with 62 genera and 112 species.Among these 986 species,939 species in 512 genera from 129 families were identified as having application value.Medicinal plants had the highest representation,with 428 genera across 119 families encompassing 717 species.Ornamental,industrial,and edible plants followed closely,with 194,181,and 180 species,respectively.Forage plants included 140 species across 98 genera and 26 families,while 71 species of ecological plants belonged to 61 genera in 25 families.These findings provide valuable theoretical and practical insights into the development and utilization and ecological protection of grassland plants in Guizhou Province.

关 键 词：草原群落 植物组成 植物资源 应用价值 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学] Q14