“宋无诗”:明人宋诗观的逻辑悖论  

“Poetry Extinct from the Song Dynasty”:A Logical Paradox of View of Song Poetry by Ming Literati

作　　者：薛泉 Xue Quan

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学文学院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《文史哲》2025年第1期51-62,166,共13页Literature,History,and Philosophy

基　　金：国家社科基金西部项目“明人宋诗观及其流变研究”(20XZW012)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“宋无诗”观滥觞于南宋,成熟于明代,起初并没有统一的称谓,后在弘治、正德年间作为“诗必汉魏、盛唐”的有机组成部分,由李梦阳、何景明正式命名推出。经后七子极力推扬后,“宋无诗”观之影响更为深远。究其内涵,“宋无诗”并非说宋代无诗,而是说宋代没有如同汉魏、盛唐那般可供后人仿效的一流诗歌。明人“宋无诗”观实际上是一种逻辑悖论,本就蕴含着“宋有诗”的因子,这为其反对者提供了反驳契机,从而在客观上建构起一个相对完整的反“宋无诗”逻辑言说体系,尽管其有一定的不合理性。作为一种逻辑悖论,明人“宋无诗”观为“宋有诗”观的生成提供了不可或缺的机遇与理论触发点,成为观察明人宋诗观一个不可多得的窗口,同时又开有清一代宋诗学之先河,因而具有重要的学术价值与理论意义。The idea of“poetry extinct from the Song dynasty”originated in the Southern Song and was formed in the Ming dynasty.Initially,there was no unified title.During the reigns of Hongzhi and Zhengde,it was officially named and launched by Li Mengyang and He Jingming as an organic component of“poetry must be written like Han,Wei,and prosperous Tang”.Later,with the promotion of the“Latter Seven Scholars”,it had a profound impact.The connotation of“poetry extinct from the Song dynasty”does not mean that there is no poetry in the Song dynasty,but rather that there is no first-class poetry that can be imitated by future generations as in the Han,Wei and prosperous Tang.The view of“poetry extinct from Song dynasty”in the Ming dynasty is actually a logical paradox,which inherently contains the factor of“poetry existing in the Song dynasty”.This gives an opportunity for its opponents to refute it,thus objectively constructing a relatively complete logical discourse system against“poetry extinct from the Song dynasty”,even if it is irrational.As a logical paradox,the view of“poetry extinct from the Song dynasty”provides an indispensable opportunity and theoretical trigger for the generation of the view of“poetry existing in the Song dynasty”,and becomes a rare window for observing the view of Song poetry in the Ming dynasty.At the same time,it also pioneers the study of Song poetry in the Qing dynasty.All of them show“poetry extinct from the Song dynasty”possessing important academic value and theoretical significance.

关 键 词：宋无诗 非无诗 宋诗观 前七子 后七子 

分 类 号：I20[文学—中国文学]