沙氏鹿茸草根腐病致病菌的生物学特性及室内药剂筛选  

Biological Properties of Pathogenic Bacteria of Root Rot of Monochasma savatieri and Screening of Laboratory Reagents

作　　者：张玉音 窦桦 范晨露 陈旭玉 魏建和[1,2] ZHANG Yuyin;DOU Hua;FAN Chenlu;CHEN Xuyu;WEI Jianhe(Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine,Ministry of Education&National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials,Institute of Medicinal Plant Development,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100193,China;Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine of Hainan Province&Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Agarwood Sustainable Utilization,Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Haikou 570311,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药用植物研究所、教育部中草药物质基础与资源利用重点实验室/濒危药材繁育国家工程实验室,北京100193 [2]中国医学科学院、北京协和医学院药用植物研究所、海南分所海南省南药资源保护与开发重点实验室/国家中医药管理局沉香可持续利用重点研究室,海南海口570311

出　　处：《中国现代中药》2025年第2期304-309,共6页Modern Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3501504);中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目(2021-I2M-1-032)。

摘　　要：目的:明确沙氏鹿茸草根腐病致病菌的生物学特性,筛选有效防治根腐病的化学杀菌剂和生物源杀菌剂。方法:采用菌丝生长速率法研究不同氮源、碳源、光照条件、培养基和pH对致病菌生长的影响,明确10种化学杀菌剂和6种生物源杀菌剂对病原菌的抑制效果。结果:沙氏鹿茸草根腐病致病菌生长的最适温度为30℃,最适pH为7,最适氮源为硝酸钠,最适碳源为α-乳糖,最适光照条件为连续光照,适宜培养基为查氏培养基和马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基。药剂筛选结果表明,甲霜恶霉灵和乙蒜素对致病菌的抑制效果较好,半数效应浓度分别为0.054 0、19.081 0 mg·L^(–1)。结论:沙氏鹿茸草根腐病致病菌的生长温度和pH范围较广,在30℃、pH为7左右的条件下生长速率较高,甲霜恶霉灵和乙蒜素对致病菌的抑制效果较明显。Objective:To clarify the biological properties of pathogenic bacteria of root rot of Monochasma savatieri and screen chemical fungicides and biogenic fungicides for effective control of root rot.Methods:The effects of different nitrogen and carbon sources,light conditions,culture media,and pH on the growth of the pathogenic bacteria were investigated by using the method of mycelial growth rate,and the inhibitory effects of 10 chemical fungicides and six biogenic fungicides on the pathogenic bacteria were determined respectively.Results:It was shown that the optimum temperature for the growth of the pathogenic bacteria of root rot of M.savatieri was 30℃;the optimum pH was 7;the optimum nitrogen source was sodium nitrate,and the optimum carbon source wasα-lactose.The optimum light condition was continuous light,and the optimum culture media were Czapek′s and potato dextrose agar.The results of reagent screening showed that difenocarb and ethylicin had better inhibitory effects on the pathogenic bacteria,with median effect concentration EC50 of 0.0540 and 19.0810 mg·L–1.Conclusions:The pathogenic bacteria of root rot of M.savatieri have a wide range of growth temperature and pH,and the growth rate is higher at a temperature of about 30℃and a pH of 7.The inhibitory effect of difenocarb and ethylicin on the pathogenic bacteria is obvious.

关 键 词：沙氏鹿茸草 根腐病 Fusarium commune 药剂筛选 甲霜恶霉灵 乙蒜素 

分 类 号：R282.2[医药卫生—中药学]