中国新质生产力发展水平时空格局、区域差异与演变趋势  

Spatiotemporal Pattern,Regional Differences and Evolutionary Trend of Development Level of New Quality Productivity in China

作　　者：安健吉 员学锋[1,2] 苏强俊 AN Jian-ji;YUAN Xue-feng;SU Qiang-jun(School of Land Engineering,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710054,Shaanxi,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Reclamation Engineering,Xi'an 710054,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学土地工程学院,陕西西安710054 [2]陕西省土地整治重点实验室,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《地球科学与环境学报》2025年第1期106-127,共22页Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42371210);长安大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(300102354204);陕西省创新能力支撑计划创新团队项目(2024RS-CXTD-55)。

摘　　要：把握新质生产力的发展水平和时空异质特征,对于推进中国的高质量发展、实现中国式现代化具有重要意义。从新质劳动者、新质劳动对象和新质生产资料3个维度构建指标体系,运用标准差椭圆、空间自相关、Kernel密度估计、Dagum基尼系数分解和Markov链等方法,研究中国新质生产力发展水平的时空格局、区域差异和演变趋势。结果表明:①2012~2022年中国新质生产力发展水平逐年提升,呈现“东高西低、南高北低,整体全面提升”的时空变化特征和显著的空间集聚特征,冷点区域集聚在西北部地区,热点区域集聚在东部地区。②中国不同区域新质生产力发展水平的空间差异性逐渐加剧,东北部与中部、东北部与西部等区域之间的差异尤为突出。③中国新质生产力发展水平的演变过程具有长期性和持续性,存在“路径依赖现象”“马太效应”和显著的“空间溢出效应”,高水平邻域有助于促进新质生产力的发展,低水平邻域则会限制新质生产力的发展。Studying the development level and spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics of new quality productivity is of great significance for promoting China's high-quality development and realising Chinese modernization.Based on the basic logic and scientific connotation of new quality productivity in China,a evaluation index system was constructed from three dimensions,including new quality laborers,new quality labour objects and new quality means of production.Standard deviational ellipse,spatial autocorrelation analysis,Kernel density estimation,Dagum Gini decomposition and Markov chains were used to analyze the spatio-temporal pattern,regional differences and evolutionary trend of the development level of new quality productivity in China.The results show that①the development level of new quality productivity in China increases steadily from 2012 to 2022;the development level of new quality productivity in China shows the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of“high in the east and low in the west,high in the south and low in the north,with an overall comprehensive improvement”and significant spatial clustering characteristics,with cold spots clustered in the northwest and hot spots clustered in the east.②The spatial differences in the development level of new quality productivity in different regions of China have gradually intensified,and the differences between regions such as the northeast and the center,and the northeast and the west are particularly prominent.③The evolution of the development level of new quality productivity in China is long-term and persistent,with“path dependence”“Matthew effect”and significant“spatial spillover effect”,with high-level neighbourhoods contributing to the development of new productivity and low-level neighbourhoods restricting the development of new productivity.

关 键 词：经济地理 新质生产力 时空格局 区域差异 演变趋势 高质量发展 区域协同发展 中国 

分 类 号：F129.9[经济管理—世界经济]