铜闪速熔炼过程烟尘性质解析  

Analysis of Properties of Flue Dust in Copper Flash Smelting

作　　者：任鹏 夏隆巩 葛杨 曹舒恒 刘志宏 REN Peng;XIA Longgong;GE Yang;CAO Shuheng;LIU Zhihong(Jinguan Copper,Tongling Nonferrous Metals Group Co.Ltd.,Tongling 244000,Anhui,China;School of Metallurgy and Envi ronment,Central South Uni versity,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]铜陵有色金冠铜业分公司,安徽铜陵244000 [2]中南大学冶金与环境学院,长沙410083

出　　处：《有色金属(冶炼部分)》2025年第3期63-69,共7页Nonferrous Metals(Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：湖南省科技计划资助项目(2022RC1084)。

摘　　要：较高的烟尘发生率及其衍生的烟道结瘤、锅炉结块等是闪速冶炼技术进一步发展需解决的关键难题之一。通过自制负压速冷取样器获取了成套工业闪速炉烟尘样品,使用热电偶直接测量了闪速炉沉淀池顶部、上升烟道以及锅炉区域的烟气温度。分析检测结果表明,烟尘主要为细小的类球形颗粒或小颗粒团聚形成的不规则大颗粒,随烟气流动方向,颗粒平均粒径从1.11μm上升到2.17μm;烟尘主要包含Cu、Fe、Pb、S、As、O等元素,随烟气后移,烟尘样品中金属元素含量不断下降;物相分析结果表明烟尘的物相主要为Fe_(3)O_(4)、CuFe_(2)O_(4)、Cu_(2)O、CuSO_(4)和As_(2)O_(3)等。结合烟气温度数据发现,在沉淀池区域存在有机械夹带的未反应的铜锍以及渣相,在锅炉区域由于温度骤降,氧化物转化为硫酸盐,且高As、高Pb物质易于挥发,多在锅炉中后部沉降汇集。High occurrence rate of flue dust,as well as its derived flue gas nodulation and boiler agglomeration,is one of the key challenges to be solved in the further development of flash smelting technology.A set of industrial flash furnace flue dust samples was obtained by a self-made negative pressure rapid cooling sampler.The temperature of the corresponding off-gas was also measured by thermocouples,including the roof zone of the settler,the uptake,and the boiler.Dust samples have been systematically analyzed with the consideration of the temperature profile.The results show that flue dust is mainly composed of small spherical particles or irregular large particles formed by small particle aggregation.The average particle size rises from 1.11μm to 2.17μm along with the flow direction of off gas.The flue dust mai nly contains elements such as Cu,Fe,Pb,S,As,O,etc.As the smoke moves forward,the metal element content in the dust continuously decrease.XRD results indicate that the main phase of dust is Fe_(3)O_(4),CuFe_(2)O_(4),Cu_(2)O,CuSO_(4) and As_(2)O_(3).Combined with the flue gas temperature data,it is found that there are unreacted copper matte and slag phase in the sedimentation tank area with mechanical entraining.Due to the sudden drop of temperature in the boiler area,the oxides convert to sulfates,and the substances with high As and Pb are easy to volatilize,and most of them precipitate and settle in the middle and back of the boiler.

关 键 词：闪速熔炼炉 烟尘 沉淀池 烟气 锅炉 物相转化 

分 类 号：TF811[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]