兼抗黄曲霉侵染和产毒高油酸花生新种质的创制与评价  

Development and characterization of novel peanut genetic stocks with high oleic acid and enhanced resistance both to Aspergillus flavus infection and aflatoxin production

作　　者：晋高锐 吴小丽 邓丽 陈玉宁[1] 喻博伦 郭建斌[1] 丁膺宾 刘念[1] 罗怀勇[1] 陈伟刚[1] 黄莉[1] 周小静[1] 淮东欣[1] 谭家壮 姜慧芳[1] 任丽 雷永[1] 廖伯寿[1] JIN Gao-Rui;WU Xiao-Li;DENG Li;CHEN Yu-Ning;YU Bo-Lun;GUO Jian-Bin;DING Ying-Bin;LIU Nian;LUO Huai-Yong;CHEN Wei-Gang;HUANG Li;ZHOU Xiao-Jing;HUAI Dong-Xin;TAN Jia-Zhuang;JIANG Hui-Fang;REN Li;LEI Yong;LIAO Bo-Shou(Oil Crops Research Institute,China Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops,the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Wuhan 430062,Hubei,China;Zhanjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhanjiang 524094,Guangdong,China;Kaifeng Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Kaifeng 475004,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院油料作物研究所/农业农村部油料作物生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,湖北武汉430062 [2]湛江市农业科学研究院,广东湛江524094 [3]开封市农林科学研究院,河南开封475004

出　　处：《作物学报》2025年第3期687-695,共9页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1202800);国家自然科学基金项目(32101708);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-13);国家科技资源共享服务平台项目(NCGRC-2023-036)资助。

摘　　要：高油酸花生可延长产品货架期和更有利于人体健康,推进高油酸化是国内外花生育种和产业发展的重要方向。然而,花生是易受黄曲霉菌侵染和产毒污染的农产品,在推进高油酸化的进程中非常有必要提高花生对黄曲霉的抗性以保障食品安全性。本研究以高油酸花生种质开农H03-3与高产品种中花16为亲本构建的重组自交系群体(recombined inbreed line,RIL)为材料,对油酸含量以及黄曲霉抗性在内的多性状进行了综合鉴定评价。研究发现,亲本开农H03-3具有对黄曲霉菌侵染和产毒的双重抗性,从该RIL群体分离的53份高油酸家系中鉴定出4份抗黄曲霉侵染、3份抗黄曲霉产毒材料,其中2份高油酸家系(QT0790和QT0918)同时兼备籽仁抗黄曲霉菌侵染和抗产毒的特性。进一步比较发现,QT0790和QT0918不仅黄曲霉抗性优于2个亲本,并且侵染抗性优于国际公认的抗侵染种质J11、产毒抗性优于抗产毒对照中花6号,表明花生黄曲霉侵染和产毒抗性均存在微效基因的互补机制。经在5个不同生态区种植和测试,QT0790和QT0918油酸含量均在80%以上,而且农艺性状总体较好。所发现的花生黄曲霉抗性遗传特性和创制的兼抗黄曲霉侵染与产毒的高油酸新种质,为深化相关遗传机制研究和抗黄曲霉高油酸品种培育提供了材料基础。High oleate peanut is a key focus for both varietal improvement and industry development worldwide due to its extended shelf life and potential health benefits.However,peanuts are highly susceptible to Aspergillus infection,leading to aflatoxin contamination,making it critical to enhance aflatoxin resistance in the development of the high oleate peanut industry to ensure food safety.In this study,a recombinant inbred line(RIL)population was developed by crossing the high oleic acid peanut genotype Kainong H03-3 with the high-yielding variety Zhonghua 16.The RILs were evaluated for oleic acid content and other traits,including their response to Aspergillus flavus infection and aflatoxin formation.Notably,Kainong H03-3 exhibited resistance to both fungal infection and toxin production.Additionally,four lines resistant to fungal infection and three lines resistant to toxin formation were identified among the 53 high oleate lines segregated from the RILs.Of these,two high oleate lines,QT0790 and QT0918,demonstrated resistance to both fungal infection and aflatoxin production.Further analysis revealed that the aflatoxin resistance in QT0790 and QT0918 was not only superior to that of both parental genotypes,but also exceeded that of the well-known fungal infection-resistant genotype J11 and the toxin production-resistant variety Zhonghua 6.This suggests the presence of complementary effects among certain minor-effect genes/loci for both fungal infection and toxin production resistance,which could be valuable for improving or integrating resistance traits.Both QT0790 and QT0918 maintained stable oleic acid contents above 80%in samples harvested from five diverse ecological locations.The genetic effects observed in this study for minor genes/loci associated with aflatoxin resistance,along with the identification of resistant high oleate lines,provide valuable insights for further research into the underlying genetic mechanisms and for the development of peanut varieties with both high oleic acid content and enhanced res

关 键 词：花生品种 高油酸 黄曲霉侵染抗性 黄曲霉产毒抗性 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]