基于生育期、产量和品质对70份粳糯品种(系)的综合评价  

Comprehensive evaluation of 70 japonica glutinous rice varieties(lines)based on growth period,yield,and quality

作　　者：熊强强 孙长辉 顾雯霏 陆彦尧 周年兵 郭保卫 刘国栋 魏海燕 朱金燕 张洪程 XIONG Qiang-Qiang;SUN Chang-Hui;GU Wen-Fei;LU Yan-Yao;ZHOU Nian-Bing;GUO Bao-Wei;LIU Guo-Dong;WEI Hai-Yan;ZHU Jin-Yan;ZHANG Hong-Cheng(Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology,Yangzhou University/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops,Yangzhou 225009,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学水稻产业工程技术研究院/江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《作物学报》2025年第3期728-743,共16页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：镇江市“金山英才”产业强市领军人才引进计划(镇人才办[2021]1号);江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2019342);江苏省种业振兴“揭榜挂帅”项目(JBGS[2021]036);江苏省高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD)资助。

摘　　要：本研究以70份糯稻品种(系)作为试验材料,综合生育期、产量和稻米品质筛选出适合扬中地区种植的优质、高产粳糯稻品种(系)。试验于2021—2023年在江苏省扬中市进行,采用随机区组设计,3次重复。结果表明:(1)70份糯稻品种(系)2021年全生育期变幅为137~159 d,2023年变幅为139~158 d。根据全生育期可划分为3个生育类型,其中早熟晚粳17个,中熟中粳18个,迟熟中粳35个。(2)2021年产量变幅为5.19~9.50 t hm^(-2),2023年产量变幅为5.57~9.64 t hm^(-2)。主成分分析表明,每穗粒数与穗数是决定产量性状的主要指标。(3)2021年糙米率变幅为80.45%~87.35%,精米率变幅为59.86%~75.87%,达到优质一级标准的品种有20个,达到优质二级标准的品种有16个;2023年糙米率变幅为81.60%~88.50%,精米率变幅为65.07%~75.59%,达到优质一级标准的品种有15个,达到优质二级标准的品种有18个。2021年蛋白质含量变幅为7.00%~10.77%,总淀粉含量变幅为69.42%~92.73%;2023年蛋白质含量变幅为7.00%~10.79%,总淀粉含量变幅为68.00%~92.68%。分子标记检测发现有35个水稻品种携带香味基因badh2。综合生育期、产量和品质的比较与评价,筛选出4个适宜扬中地区推广种植的高产优质糯稻品种(系)扬软糯2号、苏糯7132、扬粳糯2号和盐稻93207。This study evaluated 70 glutinous rice varieties(lines)to identify high-quality,high-yield varieties suitable for cultivation in the Yangzhong region,based on comprehensive assessments of growth period,yield,and rice quality.The experiment was conducted in Yangzhong city,Jiangsu province,from 2021 to 2023,using a randomized block design with three replicates.The results showed the following:(1)The growth periods of the 70 glutinous rice varieties ranged from 137 to 159 days in 2021 and from 139 to 158 days in 2023.Based on the growth period,the varieties were classified into three categories:17 early-maturing late-japonica types,18 mid-maturing mid-japonica types,and 35 late-maturing mid-japonica types.(2)In 2021,yields ranged from 5.19 to 9.50 t hm^(-2),and in 2023,yields ranged from 5.57 to 9.64 t hm^(-2).Principal component analysis indicated that the number of grains per panicle and panicle number were the primary factors influencing yield traits.(3)In 2021,the brown rice rate ranged from 80.45%to 87.35%,and the milled rice rate from 59.86%to 75.87%.Twenty varieties met the first-class quality standard,while 16 met the second-class quality standard.In 2023,the brown rice rate ranged from 81.60%to 88.50%,and the milled rice rate from 65.07%to 75.59%.Fifteen varieties met the first-class quality standard,and 18 met the second-class quality standard.In 2021,protein content varied from 7.00%to 10.77%,and total starch content from 69.42%to 92.73%.In 2023,protein content ranged from 7.00%to 10.79%,and total starch content from 68.00%to 92.68%.Molecular marker analysis revealed that 35 rice varieties carried the badh2 gene.Based on the comprehensive analysis of growth period,yield,and quality,four high-yield and high-quality glutinous rice varieties(lines)suitable for cultivation in Yangzhong were selected:Yangruannuo 2,Sunuo 7132,Yangjingnuo 2,and Yandao 93207.

关 键 词：糯稻 扬中地区 生育期 产量 稻米品质 

分 类 号：S511.22[农业科学—作物学]