粳稻品种芽期耐冷性评价及耐冷种质筛选  

Evaluation of cold tolerance of japonica rice varieties at germination stage and construction of identification system

作　　者：侯天钰 杜孝敬 赵志强[1] 热依木·艾尼瓦尔 伊达耶图拉·阿不拉 布哈丽且木·阿不力孜 袁杰[1] 张燕红[1] 王奉斌[1,2] HOU Tian-Yu;DU Xiao-Jing;ZHAO Zhi-Qiang;REYIM Anwar;YIDAYETULA Abula;BUHALIQIEMU Abulizi;YUAN Jie;ZHANG Yan-Hong;WANG Feng-Bin(Institute of Nuclear Technology and Biotechnology,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Crop Biotechnology,Urumqi 830091,Xinjiang,China;Institute of Food Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院核技术生物技术研究所/新疆农作物生物技术重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《作物学报》2025年第3期812-822,共11页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(2022B02001-5);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-01-85)资助。

摘　　要：为筛选粳稻芽期耐冷性鉴定指标和挖掘粳稻耐冷种质资源,本研究对98份粳稻种质资源在人工气候箱进行芽期耐冷性鉴定及评价,并以形态学指标的相对值为耐寒性鉴定指标进行分析。主成分分析法结果表明,发芽率、发芽指数和芽长的相对值可作为芽期耐低温性粳稻品种的鉴定指标;隶属函数分析得出不同粳稻品种综合评价D值范围为0.290~0.798;聚类分析将98份粳稻品种划分为4个耐冷性类群,第Ⅰ类为耐寒型(16个品种),第Ⅱ类为敏感型(35个品种),第Ⅲ类和第Ⅳ类为中间型,共47个品种;各相对指标值与D值间呈显著正相关,综合评价前10名并且为类群Ⅰ的品种共3个,分别为X13(新稻42号)、X47(TY 2)和X50(新策粳1号)。本试验筛选到的耐冷种质可以作为水稻耐冷育种和耐冷机制的研究材料,为探明水稻种质资源耐冷性提供理论参考。To identify key indicators of cold tolerance during the germination stage of japonica rice and to explore cold-tolerant germplasm resources,98 japonica rice germplasm lines were evaluated under controlled conditions in an artificial climate chamber.The relative values of morphological traits were used as indicators of cold tolerance.Principal component analysis revealed that germination rate,germination index,and shoot length could serve as reliable indicators for identifying cold-tolerant japonica rice varieties at the germination stage.Based on membership function analysis,the comprehensive evaluation D values for the different japonica rice varieties ranged from 0.290 to 0.798.The 98 varieties were classified into four cold tolerance groups:16 cold-tolerant varieties in Category I,35 varieties in Category II,and 47 varieties of intermediate tolerance.A significantly positive correlation was observed between the relative index values and the D values.Comprehensive evaluation identified the top 10 cold-tolerant varieties,with X13(Xindao 42),X47(TY 2),and X50(Xincejing 1)classified as Class I.The cold-tolerant germplasm identified in this study can serve as valuable material for the breeding of cold-tolerant rice varieties and for research on the underlying mechanisms of cold tolerance.Additionally,these findings provide a theoretical reference for the study of cold tolerance in rice germplasm resources.

关 键 词：粳稻品种 低温胁迫 芽期耐寒性 评价指标 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]