建筑企业绿色技术创新效率评价及其影响因素——基于三阶段数据包络分析(DEA)与Tobit模型的研究  

Evaluation and Influencing Factors of Green Technology Innovation Efficiency of Construction Enterprises:Research Based on Three-Stage DEA and Tobit Model

作　　者：张云华 孙娅 谢洪涛 沈俊鑫[2] Zhang Yunhua;Sun Ya;Xie Hongtao;Shen Junxin(Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China;Faculty of Management and Economics,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学建筑工程学院,云南昆明650500 [2]昆明理工大学管理与经济学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2024年第23期60-68,共9页Science and Technology Management Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“重大建设工程创新主体行为交互演化与合作涌现:创新网络结构与合作治理的综合作用研究”(72162026);云南省基础研究计划面上项目“混合治理视角下PPP项目政企协同合作驱动、演化及激励机制研究”(202101AT070088);昆明理工大学人文社会科学重点项目“面向PPP项目的跨组织协同合作演化与激励机制研究”(KKZ3202064021)。

摘　　要：在绿色发展理念和经济高质量发展战略实施背景下,建筑产业走绿色转型道路是必然趋势。提高建筑企业绿色技术创新效率成为该产业实现高质量、可持续发展的必然要求。以中国37家建筑业上市企业微观数据为例,采用三阶段数据包络分析(DEA)模型测算2016—2021年建筑企业上市公司的绿色技术创新效率,在此基础上通过Tobit模型分析企业内部特征因素对效率的影响,同时根据样本企业所有制类型、专业性质角度不同开展异质性分析。结果发现:剔除环境因素和随机干扰影响后,企业绿色技术创新效率明显上升,且呈倒“U”型趋势;与非国有企业相比,国有企业绿色技术创新效率发展相对稳定,不容易受外部市场变化所干扰;房屋装饰及其他建筑业企业较土木工程建筑业企业的绿色技术创新能力更强,但其更易受外部市场环境影响;企业无形资产、企业规模、盈利能力对绿色技术创新效率呈现显著正向影响,而股权集中度对绿色技术创新效率呈现显著负向影响。因此,应优化绿色技术创新环境、培养技术创新人才,为建筑企业进行绿色技术创新活动提供有力支持。Against the backdrop of the green development concept and the implementation of the high-quality economic development strategy,it is an inevitable trend for the construction industry to take the path of green transformation.Improving the efficiency of green technology innovation in construction enterprises has become a necessary requirement for the industry to achieve high-quality and sustainable development.Taking micro data from 37 listed construction companies in China as an example,a three-stage data envelopment analysis model is used to measure the green technology innovation efficiency of these companies from 2016 to 2021.Based on this,the Tobit model is used to analyze the impact of internal characteristic factors on efficiency,and heterogeneity analysis is conducted according to the ownership type and professional nature of the sample companies.The results indicate that after excluding environmental factors and random disturbances,the efficiency of enterprise green technological innovation shows a significant improvement and follows an inverted U-shaped trend.Compared with non-stateowned enterprises,the efficiency development of green technology innovation in state-owned enterprises is relatively stable and less susceptible to external market changes.Building decoration and other construction enterprises have stronger green technology innovation capabilities than civil engineering and construction enterprises,while they are more susceptible to external market environment influences.The intangible assets,scale,and profitability of enterprises have a significant positive impact on the efficiency of green technology innovation,while the concentration of equity has a significant negative impact on the efficiency of green technology innovation.Therefore,efforts should be made to optimize the environment for green technological innovation and to cultivate innovation talent,providing strong support for construction enterprises to engage in green technological innovation activities.

关 键 词：建筑企业 绿色技术创新效率 绿色创新 三阶段DEA TOBIT模型 

分 类 号：X322[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F224[经济管理—国民经济] G301[文化科学]