金属单原子在钠离子电容器中的应用进展  

Recent Progress of Application of Single-Atom Metals in Sodium-Ion Capacitors

作　　者：张文武 张熊[2] 李晨[2] 孙现众[2] 王凯[2] 马向东[1] ZHANG Wenwu;ZHANG Xiong;LI Chen;SUN Xianzhong;WANG Kai;MA Xiangdong(School of Mechanical Electronic&Information Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Institute of Electrical Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)机械与电气工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国科学院电工研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《石油化工高等学校学报》2025年第1期1-10,共10页Journal of Petrochemical Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52377218)。

摘　　要：钠离子电容器是一种兼具钠离子电池和双电层电容器特点的新型储能器件。然而,钠离子电容器正负极动力学不匹配会导致其功率密度低、循环稳定性差。自单原子催化剂概念出现以来,由于其具备强大的催化活性、高原子效率、高选择性和稳定性,因此在储能器件领域受到广泛关注。首先,阐述了钠离子电容器电极材料所面临的挑战,分析了钠离子电容器的储能机制;其次,介绍了单原子催化剂的特性和碳载金属单原子材料的制备方法;然后,总结了金属单原子材料在钠离子电容器中的应用进展;最后,对金属单原子在钠离子电容器中的应用前景进行了展望。Sodium-ion capacitors represent a novel class of energy storage device that integrates the respective advantages of sodium-ion batteries and electric double-layer capacitors.Nevertheless,the mismatch between the positive and negative electrode kinetics of sodium ion capacitors can lead to their low power density and poor cycling stability.Since the advent of single-atom catalysis,single-atom metals have garnered substantial attention in energy storage research due to their high atomic efficiency,exceptional catalytic activity,superior selectivity,and remarkable stability.Firstly,the challenges faced by electrode materials for sodium ion capacitors were elaborated,and the energy storage mechanism of sodium ion capacitors was analyzed.Secondly,the characteristics of single atom catalysts and the preparation methods of carbon supported metal single atom materials were introduced.Then,the application progress of metal monatomic materials in sodium ion capacitors was summarized.Finally,the application prospects of metal single atoms in sodium ion capacitors were discussed.

关 键 词：钠离子电容器 单原子催化剂 金属单原子 合成方法 

分 类 号：TQ152[化学工程—电化学工业] TM911[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]