基于改进型遥感生态指数的塔里木河干流生态环境质量评价  

Evaluation of ecological environment quality in the mainstream of Tarim River based on improved remote sensing ecological index

作　　者：刘伟[1] 凌红波[2] 公延明[2] 陈伏龙[1] 单钱娟 LIU Wei;LING Hongbo;GONG Yanming;CHEN Fulong;SHAN Qianjuan(College of Water Conservancy&Architectural Engineering,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000,Xinjiang,China;Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2025年第2期271-282,共12页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：新疆重点研发项目(2022B03024-1);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2023D01D18);新疆生产建设兵团科技规划项目(2022DB023)资助。

摘　　要：塔里木河干流是我国西北干旱区的重要生态屏障之一,作为生态输水的直接受益区,研究其生态环境质量变化对于理解生态输水工程的效果和评估流域生态环境质量具有重要意义。基于1998—2022年的Landsat遥感影像,耦合绿度(NDVI)、湿度(WET)、干度(NDBSI)、热度(LST)、盐度(SI_T)5个指标构建改进型遥感生态指数(RSEIS),运用Mann-Kendall检验、Theil-Sen Median趋势分析、Hurst指数、变异系数分析塔里木河干流生态环境质量发展趋势及稳定性,通过地理探测器分析了各驱动因素对RSEIS的影响。结果表明:(1)1998—2022年塔里木河干流生态环境质量整体呈波动上升趋势,平均增幅为0.023·(10a)-1,多年平均RSEIS呈现出北高南低、西高东低的空间分布特征。(2)25 a间流域生态环境改善区域面积占55.06%,生态环境质量得到显著变化;但仍有54.59%的区域生态环境存在由改善向退化转变的潜在风险。(3)从成因分析来看,8个影响因子中,土地利用类型因子(0.534)对RSEIS的空间分异特征解释力最强,土地利用类型因子和潜在蒸散发因子双因子交互(0.659)是研究区生态环境质量的关键驱动因素。研究结果可为塔里木河干流生态区生态环境质量的可持续发展提供科学参考。The mainstream area of the Tarim River is a crucial ecological barrier in northwest China’s arid region.As a key beneficiary of ecological water transfer,studying changes in its ecological environment quality is vital for assessing the impact of these projects.Using Landsat remote sensing data from 1998 to 2022,an improved remote sensing ecological index(RSEIS)was developed by combining five indicators:greenness(NDVI),humidity(WET),dryness(NDBSI),heat(LST),and salinity(SI_T).The trends and stability of the ecological environment quality were analyzed using the Mann-Kendall test,Theil-Sen median trend analysis,Hurst exponent,and coefficient of variation.A geographic detector analyzed the influence of various driving factors on RSEIS.The results showed the following:(1)From 1998 to 2022,the overall ecological environment quality in the mainstream area of the Tarim River showed a fluctuating upward trend,with an average annual increase of 0.023·(10a)−1.The spatial distribution of the multiyear average RSEIS showed lower values in the south and east and higher values in the north and west.(2)Over 25 years,55.06%of the basin area saw improvements in ecological environment quality,although 54.59%of the area remains at risk of ecological degradation.(3)Causality analysis revealed that land use type(0.534)had the strongest explanatory power for RSEIS spatial variation,and the interaction between land use type and potential evapotranspiration(0.659)was identified as the key driver of ecological environment quality in the study area.This study can provide scientific references for the sustainable development of the ecological environment quality of the Tarim River mainstream.

关 键 词：改进型遥感生态指数 生态环境质量 地理探测器 塔里木河干流 

分 类 号：X87[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X826